This is a list of place names in which the relationship is via meaning.
Carlisle(Settlement)English Originally called by the Romans Luguvalium meaning "stronghold of Lugus". Later the Brythonic element ker "fort" was appended to the name of the city. This is the name of a city in Cumbria in northern England.
Lindsey(Region)English Means "Lincoln island" in Old English. This is the name of a region and historical kingdom in Lincolnshire.
Portus Cale(Settlement)Ancient Roman Means "port of Cale" in Latin. This was the name of the city now known as Porto. The name of the city was later applied to the entire region of Portugal.