Ancient Elements

shamar שָׁמַר Ancient Hebrew
Hebrew word meaning "to guard, to watch".

shavaʿ שָׁבַע Ancient Hebrew
Hebrew word meaning "oath".

shelaḥ שֶׁלַח Ancient Hebrew
Hebrew word meaning "dart, weapon, plant shoot".

shem שֵׁם Ancient Hebrew
Hebrew word meaning "name".

shemaʿ שֵׁמַע Ancient Hebrew
Hebrew word meaning "report, news, fame".

shemesh שֶׁמֶשׁ Ancient Hebrew
Hebrew word meaning "the sun".

shen շէն Ancient Armenian
Old Armenian word meaning "happy".

shillum שִׁלּוּם Ancient Hebrew
Hebrew word meaning "reward, recompense, retribution".

shir שִׁיר Ancient Hebrew
Hebrew word meaning "song".

Sibylla Σίβυλλα Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "prophetess, sibyl". It does not seem to have been used as a personal name during the classical Greek period.

siccus Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "dry".

síd Old Irish
Old Irish word meaning "peace" or "fairy mound, tumulus", both from a root meaning "to sit".

sídach Old Irish
Old Irish word meaning "wolf".

siddha सिद्ध Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "accomplished, proven".

siddhi सिद्धि Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "accomplishment, success, attainment".

sige Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "victory".

sigi Old Saxon, Frankish (Hypothetical)
Old Saxon and Frankish word meaning "victory".

sigis 𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌹𐍃 Gothic
Gothic word meaning "victory".

sigr Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "victory".

sigu Old High German
Old High German word meaning "victory".

śikhā शिखा Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "crest, plume".

śīla शील Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "conduct, disposition, character".

silabar Old High German
Old High German word meaning "silver".

silubrą Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "silver".

silva Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "forest".

silvaticus Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "wild, from the forest".

sīma सीम Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "boundary, limit".

siṃha सिंह Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "lion".

simos σιμός Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "flat-nosed".

sind Old High German
Old High German word meaning "path, journey".

singan Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "to sing, to chant".

sinþs 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌸𐍃 Gothic
Gothic word meaning "time, instance".

sittian Old Saxon
Old Saxon word meaning "to sit".

šĭvĭcĭ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "tailor, shoemaker, cobbler".

skala скала Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "rock".

skáli Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "hut, shed".

skalkaz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "servant".

skankjaną Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "to pour out".

skauniz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "beautiful".

skenken Old Dutch
Old Dutch word meaning "to pour out".

skeran Old High German, Old Dutch
Old High German and Old Dutch word meaning "to cut, to shear".

skeraną Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "to cut, to shear".

skirmen Old High German, Old Dutch
Old High German and Old Dutch word meaning "to defend".

skirmjan Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
West Germanic word meaning "to defend".

skógr Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "forest, wood".

skoltheti Old Dutch
Old Dutch word meaning "arbiter, debt settler".

skorpios σκορπίος Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "scorpion".

skrini Old Dutch
Old Dutch word meaning "box, container" (of Latin origin).

skuldihaitijô Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "debt settler".

ský Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "cloud".

slán Old Irish
Old Irish word meaning "health, safety" and also "challenge, defiance".

slava слава Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "glory, fame".

šlm Ancient Semitic (Hypothetical)
Semitic root meaning "to be safe, to be whole, peace".

slot Old Dutch (Hypothetical)
Old Dutch word meaning "lock".

slověne Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word referring to the tribe of the Slavs (plural of slověninŭ).

sloz Old High German
Old High German word meaning "lock".

slūtą Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "lock, bar for a door".

smæl Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "small".

smaragdos σμάραγδος Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "emerald", of Semitic origin.

smaraṇa स्मरण Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "recollection".

smid Old High German
Old High German word meaning "craftsman, smith".

smiľŭ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "everlasting (flower)".

smith Old Dutch
Old Dutch word meaning "craftsman, smith".

smiþ Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "craftsman, smith".

smiþuz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "craftsman, smith".

smola Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "pitch, resin".

šmš Ancient Semitic (Hypothetical)
Semitic root meaning "the sun".

snær Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "snow".

snaiwaz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "snow".

snaw Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "snow".

sněgŭ снѣгъ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "snow".

sneha स्नेह Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "love, tenderness, oiliness".

snel Old High German, Anglo-Saxon, Old Dutch (Hypothetical)
Old High German, Old English and Old Dutch word meaning "quick, fast".

snellaz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "quick, fast".

sneo Old High German, Old Saxon
Old High German and Old Saxon word meaning "snow".

snidan Old High German
Old High German word meaning "to cut".

sniþan Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "to cut".

snithan Old Dutch
Old Dutch word meaning "to cut".

snīþaną Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "to cut".

snuor Old High German
Old High German word meaning "rope, cord".

śobhā शोभा Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "brilliance".

sobolĭ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "sable, marten".

sóer Old Irish
Old Irish word meaning "free".

śokā शोका Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "sorrow, grief".

sokolŭ соколъ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "falcon".

sól Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "sun".

sol 1 Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "sun".

soldŭkŭ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "sweet".

solos σόλος Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "lump of iron".

sǫlr Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "sallow, yellow, pale".

solum Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "ground, floor".

solvĭjĭ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "nightingale".

soma सोम Sanskrit
Sanskrit word used in the Vedas to refer to a ritual drink.

sophia σοφία Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "wisdom, cleverness".

sophos σοφός Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "skilled, clever".

sophron σώφρων Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "self-controlled, sensible".

sorga Old High German
Old High German word meaning "worry, care".

sos σῶς Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "safe, whole, unwounded".

soter σωτήρ Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "saviour".

sōwelō Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "sun".

speht Old High German
Old High German word meaning "woodpecker".

spere Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "spear, lance".

spina Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "thorn, spine".

spiritus Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "breath, energy".

ṣpn 𐤑𐤐𐤍 Ancient Semitic (Hypothetical), Phoenician
Semitic root meaning "to hide, to conceal".

šps 𓈙𓊪𓋴 Ancient Egyptian
Ancient Egyptian word meaning "noble".

śreyas श्रेयस् Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "better, superior".

śrī श्री Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "diffusing light, radiance, splendour, beauty", also used as an honorific meaning "holy, sacred".

śrr Ancient Semitic (Hypothetical)
Semitic root meaning "to rule".

stabaz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "staff, stick".

stachys στάχυς Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "ear of corn".

stafr Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "staff".

stainaz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "stone".

stakkr Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "haystack".

stan Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "stone".

stark Old High German
Old High German word meaning "strong".

starkaz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "stone".

starŭ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "old".

stasis στάσις Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "standing, stature, position".

staðr Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "town, city, place".

stati стани Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "to stand, to become".

status Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "state, condition, position".

stearc Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "rigid, strong".

stein Old High German
Old High German word meaning "stone".

steinn Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "stone".

stella Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "star".

stellen Old High German
Old High German word meaning "to set, to place".

steorra Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "star".

stergo στέργω Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "to love, to be content".

sterno Old High German
Old High German word meaning "star".

sternǭ Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "star".

sthenos σθένος Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "vigour, strength".

sthira स्थिर Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "firm, steady".

stigel Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "stile, set of steps".

stigweard Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "steward".

stinþaz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "hard, stiff".

stiþ Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "hard, stiff, cruel".

stoc Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "place, dwelling" (occurring mostly in place names).

stod Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "stallion, stud".

stojati стоꙗти Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "to stand".

stoma στόμα Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "mouth".

storm Anglo-Saxon, Old Dutch (Hypothetical)
Old English and Old Dutch word meaning "storm".

stormr Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "storm".

strata Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "street, paved road".

stratos στρατός Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "army".

straumr Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "stream".

strĭnadŭ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "bunting, yellowhammer".

stro Old High German
Old High German word meaning "straw".

strod Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "marshy ground overgrown with brushwood".

strǫnd Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "edge, shore, beach".

strub Old High German
Old High German word meaning "rough, unkempt".

struna Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "string, cord".

stuba Old High German
Old High German word meaning "room".

stucki Old High German
Old High German word meaning "piece, part".

sturm Old High German
Old High German word meaning "storm".

sturmaz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "storm".

su 5 सु Sanskrit
Sanskrit prefix meaning "good" or "very".

su 7 Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "sow, female pig".

śubha शुभ Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "splendid, bright, auspicious".

subhāṣita सुभाषित Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "eloquent".

submoneo Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "to advise, to remind".

sudarśana सुदर्शन Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "beautiful, good-looking".

śuddha शुद्ध Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "purified, pure, clear".

sudhīra सुधीर Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "very considerate, very wise".

sŭdorvŭ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "healthy".

suiones Ancient Roman
Latin form of svíar, mentioned in Tacitus' 1st-century book Germania.

sujāta सुजात Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "well-born".

sujaya सुजय Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "great victory".

sukha सुख Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "pleasant, happy".

sulěi Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "better" or "promise".

sŭlnĭce Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "sun".

sumanas सुमनस् Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "well-disposed, good mind".

sumantra सुमन्त्र Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "following good advice".

sumar Old High German
Old High German word meaning "summer".

sumarą Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "summer".

sumita सुमित Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "well-measured".

sumor Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "summer".

sumun 𒄢 Sumerian
Sumerian word meaning "wild cow".

sund Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "strait".

sunīla सुनील Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "very blue, very black".

sunīta सुनीत Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "well-conducted, wise".

sunīti सुनीति Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "good conduct".

sunna Old High German
Old High German word meaning "sun".

sunne Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "sun".

sunnǭ Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "sun".

sunt Old High German
Old High German word meaning "south".

sunþeraz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "south".

sŭnŭ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "dream".

suozi Old High German
Old High German word meaning "sweet".

sura सुर Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "god".

surdus Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "deaf".

sŭręťa Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "luck".

sūrya सूर्य Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "sun".

suśīla सुशील Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "good-tempered, well-disposed".

suth Old Dutch
Old Dutch word meaning "south".

suþ Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "south".

suðr Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "south".

sutor Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "sewer, cobbler".

suvarṇa सुवर्ण Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "good colour, bright, gold".

suxŭ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "dry".

svanr Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "swan".

svapna स्वप्न Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "sleep, dream".

svara स्वर Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "sound, tone".

svāti स्वाति Sanskrit
Sanskrit word referring to the star called Arcturus in the western world.

sveinn Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "boy, servant".

śveta श्वेत Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "white".

světŭ свѣтъ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "light, world".

svętŭ свѧтъ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "sacred, holy".

svíar Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "Swede".

svoboda Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "freedom".

swan Old High German, Anglo-Saxon, Old Saxon, Old Dutch (Hypothetical), Frankish (Hypothetical)
Old High German, Old English, Old Saxon, Old Dutch and Frankish word meaning "swan".

swanaz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "swan".

swar Old High German
Old High German word meaning "heavy, serious".

swarz Old High German
Old High German word meaning "black".

swenþaz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "strong".

swēraz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "heavy, serious".

swete Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "sweet".

swind Old High German (Hypothetical)
Old High German word meaning "strong".

swinþs 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐍃 Gothic
Gothic word meaning "strong".

swith Old Saxon
Old Saxon word meaning "strong".

swiþ Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "strong".

swōtuz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "sweet".

śyāma श्याम Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "dark, black, blue".

sykora Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "tit (bird)".

synŭ сꙑнъ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "son".

tag Old High German
Old High German word meaning "day".

tagc Old Welsh
Old Welsh word meaning "peace".

tajiti Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "to hide, to conceal".

ṭal טַל Ancient Hebrew
Hebrew word meaning "dew".

tal 1 Old High German
Old High German word meaning "valley".

tal 2 Old Welsh, Medieval Breton
Old Welsh and Breton word meaning "forehead, brow, front, extremity, end".

tam תָּם Ancient Hebrew
Hebrew word meaning "perfect, complete, upright".

tama 1 तम Sanskrit
Sanskrit affix meaning "best".

tamar תָּמָר Ancient Hebrew
Hebrew word meaning "date palm".

tamm Old High German (Hypothetical)
Old High German word (unattested) meaning "dam".

tanu तनु Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "slender".

tapana तपन Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "warming, burning, heating".

tārā तारा Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "star".

taran Old Welsh
Old Welsh word meaning "thunder".

taruṇa तरुण Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "young, fresh".

teʾena תְּאֵנָה Ancient Hebrew
Hebrew word meaning "fig".

tejas तेजस् Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "brilliance, splendour".

tele τῆλε Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "afar, far off".

telos τέλος Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "purpose, result, completion".

teman תֵּימָן Ancient Hebrew
Denominative form of yamin.

tene Old Irish
Old Irish word meaning "fire".

terpo τέρπω Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "to satisfy, to cheer".

terpsis τέρψις Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "enjoyment, delight".

terra Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "land, earth".

tesla Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "adze".

þæc Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "roof, thatch".

thak Old Dutch (Hypothetical)
Old Dutch word meaning "roof, thatch".

þaką Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "roof, cover".

thallo θάλλω Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "to blossom".

thanatos θάνατος Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "death".

þank Frankish (Hypothetical)
Frankish word meaning "thought, consideration, thanks".

thank Old Saxon, Old Dutch
Old Saxon and Old Dutch word meaning "thought, consideration, thanks".

þankaz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "thought, consideration, thanks".

thea θεά Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "goddess".

themis θέμις Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "law of nature, divine law, custom".

þeoda Frankish (Hypothetical)
Frankish word meaning "people, tribe".

theos θεός Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "god".

therao θηράω Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "to hunt".

þeudiskaz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "of the people, of the tribe".

þeudō Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "people, tribe".

thiad Old Dutch
Old Dutch word meaning "people, tribe".

thiod Old Saxon
Old Saxon word meaning "people, tribe".

þiuda 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰 Gothic
Gothic word meaning "people, tribe".

thiudisc Old Dutch
Old Dutch word meaning "of the people, of the tribe, German".

þjófr Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "thief".

þorn Anglo-Saxon, Old Norse
Old English and Old Norse word meaning "thorn".

þorp Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "village".

thorp Old Dutch
Old Dutch word meaning "village".

þrop Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "village".

þruþi Frankish (Hypothetical)
Frankish word meaning "strength".

þrūþiz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "strength".

þrúðr Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "strength".

þryþ Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "strength".

þurnaz Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "thorn".

þurpą Old Germanic (Hypothetical)
Germanic word meaning "village, gathering of people".

thymos θυμός Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "soul, spirit".

þýðverskr Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "German".

tigerna Old Irish
Old Irish word meaning "lord, ruler".

tigernos Old Celtic (Hypothetical)
Celtic word meaning "lord, ruler".

tigirn Old Welsh
Old Welsh word meaning "king".

tigris τίγρις Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "tiger".

timao τιμάω Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "to honour".

tind Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "point, tine".

tīrtha तीर्थ Sanskrit
Sanskrit word meaning "sacred water, place of pilgrimage".

tisis τίσις Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "vengeance".

tithemi τίθημι Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "to set, to place".

tiuf Old High German
Old High German word meaning "deep".

tixŭ тихъ Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "quiet".

tlālli Aztec
Nahuatl word meaning "earth, land, soil".

tlao τλάω Ancient Greek
Greek word meaning "to endure, to suffer".

toln Anglo-Saxon
Old English word meaning "toll, fee, tax".

tomiti томити Old Slavic (Hypothetical)
Slavic word meaning "to torment".

tonsus Ancient Roman
Latin word meaning "shaved".

topt Old Norse
Old Norse word meaning "homestead".

toranos Old Celtic (Hypothetical)
Celtic word meaning "thunder".