Ancient Origin Place Names

Brierley (Settlement) English
From Old English brer "briar" and leah "woodland, clearing". This is the name of various towns in England.

Britain (Island) English
From Britannia, the Latin name for the island of Great Britain, the land of the Britons. It derives from the name of the Britons, recorded in Greek in the 4th century BC as Πρεττανική (Prettanike), and reconstructed as Proto-Brythonic *Pritanī, possibly meaning "tattooed people".

Britaniya (Island) Russian, Bulgarian
Russian and Bulgarian form of Britain.

Britannia (Island) Ancient Roman
Latin form of Britain.

Britannien (Island) German, Swedish, Danish
German, Swedish and Danish form of Britain.

Brittannië (Island) Dutch
Dutch form of Britain.

Brittany (Region) English
From Britannia (see Britain). This is the name of a region in northwestern France, so called because many Britons settled there after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. It had earlier been called Armorica. In the Middle Ages it was sometimes called Britannia Minor to distinguish it from the island of Great Britain. In French, both the island and the region are called Bretagne.

Buckley (Settlement) English
From Old English bucc "buck, male deer" and leah "woodland, clearing". This is the name of a few minor towns in England.

Bulgaria (Country) Late Roman, English, Spanish, Italian, Indonesian, Malay
From the name of the Turkic tribe of the Bulgars, possibly from a Turkic root meaning "mixed". This is the name of a country in southeastern Europe.

Bulgarie (Country) French
French form of Bulgaria.

Bulgarien (Country) German, Swedish, Danish
German, Swedish and Danish form of Bulgaria.

Bulgarije (Country) Dutch
Dutch form of Bulgaria.

Bulgarye (Country) Afrikaans
Afrikaans form of Bulgaria.

Buriten (Island & Country) Japanese
Japanese form of Britain.

Burnham (Settlement) English
From Old English burna "stream, spring" and ham "home". This is the name of several towns in England.

Burton (Settlement) English
From Old English burg "fortress, castle" and tun "enclosure". This is the name of several English towns.

Bustillo (Settlement) Spanish
From a diminutive of Late Latin bustum meaning "ox pasture". This is the name of towns in Spain.

Busto (Settlement) Spanish, Italian
From Late Latin bustum meaning "ox pasture". This is the name of several towns in Spain and Italy.

Caerfyrddin (Settlement) Welsh
From Welsh caer "fort" and Moridunum. This is the name of a town in southern Wales.

Caiatia (Settlement) Ancient Roman
Latin form of Caiazzo.

Caiazzo (Settlement) Italian
From Latin Caiatia, a derivative of the given name Caius. This is the name of a city near Naples.

Caivano (Settlement) Italian
From Latin Calvianum, a derivative of the cognomen Calvus. This is the name of a city near Naples.

Cale (Settlement) Ancient Roman
Possibly from Celtic gall meaning "Gaul, Celt". This was the name of an ancient town in what is now Portugal, near the modern city of Porto.

Calvianum (Settlement) Ancient Roman
Latin form of Caivano.

Canaán (Region) Spanish
Spanish form of Canaan.

Canaan (Region) English, French, Biblical
From Hebrew כְּנַעַן (Kena'an), possibly from a root meaning "low, humble". This was the name of an ancient region, the home of the biblical Canaanites, in what is now Palestine and Israel.

Cananea (Region) Italian
Italian form of Canaan.

Cantium (Region) Ancient Roman
Latin form of Kent.

Carlisle (Settlement) English
Originally called by the Romans Luguvalium meaning "stronghold of Lugus". Later the Brythonic element ker "fort" was appended to the name of the city. This is the name of a city in Cumbria in northern England.

Carmarthen (Settlement) English
English form of Caerfyrddin.

Carmel (Mountain) Biblical, Biblical Latin
Form of Karmel used in the Latin and English Bibles.

Carpates (Region) Ancient Roman
Latin form of Carpathians.

Carpathians (Region) English
From Latin Carpates, possibly related to the Dacian tribe of the Capri, maybe derived from an Indo-European root meaning "rock, cliff". This is the name of a mountain range in Eastern Europe stretching from Slovakia to Romania.

Carpați (Region) Romanian
Romanian form of Carpathians.

Castela (Region) Portuguese
Portuguese form of Castile.

Castile (Region) English
From Spanish Castilla, ultimately from Late Latin castellum meaning "castle". This was the name of a medieval kingdom in Spain.

Castilla (Region) Spanish
Spanish form of Castile.

Castille (Region) French
French form of Castile.

Cawston (Settlement) English
From the Old Norse given name Kálfr combined with Old English tun meaning "enclosure, yard, town". This is the name of towns in Norfolk and Warwickshire.

Ceaster (Settlement) Anglo-Saxon
Old English form of Chester.

Cent (Region) Anglo-Saxon
Old English form of Kent.

Československo (Country) Czech, Slovak
Czech and Slovak form of Czechoslovakia.

Cestrescir (Region) Anglo-Saxon
Old English form of Cheshire.

Ceyhun (River) Turkish, Azerbaijani
Turkish and Azerbaijani form of Jayhun.

Chadwick (Settlement) English
Means "village belonging to Chad" in Old English. This is the name of towns in Lancashire and Warwickshire.

Chanaan (Region) Biblical Greek, Biblical Latin
Greek and Latin form of Canaan.

Chaves (Settlement) Portuguese, Spanish
From the Roman name Flavius. This is the name of a Portuguese city, which was originally named for the Roman emperor Vespasian, whose family name was Flavius.

Cheshire (Region & Political Subdivision) English
Shortened form of Chestershire, a combination of Chester and shire.

Chester (Settlement) English
From Latin castrum meaning "camp, fortress". This is the name of a city in Cheshire, England.

Chin (Country) Hindi, Persian, Thai, Lao
Hindi, Persian, Thai and Lao form of China.

China (Country) English, German, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, Malay, Sanskrit
From Persian چین (Chin), probably derived via Sanskrit चीन (China) from Qin, the name of a dynasty that ruled in China in the 3rd century BC. In China the name Zhongguo is used to refer to the country.

Chine (Country) French
French form of Chin.

Chiny (Country) Polish
Polish form of Chin.

Chipre (Island & Country) Spanish
Spanish form of Cyprus.

Chypre (Island & Country) French
French form of Cyprus.

Ciarraí (Political Subdivision) Irish
Irish Gaelic form of Kerry.

Çin (Country) Turkish, Azerbaijani
Turkish and Azerbaijani form of China.

Čína (Country) Czech, Slovak
Czech and Slovak form of China.

Cina (Country) Italian
Italian form of China.

Cipro (Island & Country) Italian
Italian form of Cyprus.

Cockburn (Settlement) English
From Old English cocc "rooster" and burna "stream". This was the name of a town in Berwickshire, Scotland.

Cologne (Settlement) French, English
French form of Latin Colonia, shortened from Colonia Agrippina meaning "colony of Agrippina", named after the wife of Emperor Claudius. This is the name of a city in western Germany.

Colombia (Country) Spanish, English, Italian, Malay
Variant of Columbia, used as the name of a country in South America.

Colombie (Country & Political Subdivision) French
French form of Colombia and sometimes of Columbia (for example Colombie-Britannique for British Columbia).

Colonia (Settlement) Ancient Roman, Italian, Spanish
Latin form of Cologne, as well as the Italian and Spanish form.

Colton (Settlement) English
Means "Cola's town" in Old English. This is the name of several English towns.

Columbia (Region, Settlement, Political Subdivision & River) English, Italian, Spanish, Late Roman
Named after the explorer Christopher Columbus, called Cristoforo Colombo in Italian (see the surname Colombo). This is the name of several cities in the Americas (including the District of Columbia, also called Washington D.C.), and a river in Canada and the United States. It is also a name used historically to refer to the New World.

Corinth (Settlement) English
From Greek Κόρινθος (Korinthos), from Doric Greek Ϙόρινθος (Qorinthos), of Pre-Greek origin. This was the name of an ancient Greek city-state on the Peloponnese, as well as a nearby modern city.

Corinthe (Settlement) French
French form of Corinth.

Corinthus (Settlement) Ancient Roman
Latin form of Corinth.

Crawford (Settlement) English
From Old English crawe "crow" and ford "ford, river crossing". This is the name various small towns in England.

Croacia (Country) Spanish
Spanish form of Croatia.

Croatia (Country) English, Late Roman
From Croatian Hrvatska, from Old Slavic *xŭrvatŭ, of unknown meaning. This is the name of a country in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe.

Croatie (Country) French
French form of Croatia.

Croazia (Country) Italian
Italian form of Croatia.

Cuinchy (Settlement) French
From older Quintiacum, derived from the personal name Quintus plus the local suffix -acum. This is the name of a village in France.

Cymru (Country) Welsh
From the Celtic roots *kom "with, together" and *mrogis "territory, region". This is the Welsh name for Wales.

Cypern (Island & Country) Swedish, Danish
Swedish and Danish form of Cyprus.

Cyprus (Island & Country) English, Dutch
From Greek Κύπρος (Kypros), which may get its name from the cypress tree (Greek κυπάρισσος). This is the name of an island country in the eastern Mediterranean. Although considered one nation by most other countries, the northern part of the island is occupied by Turkish forces and claims independence.

Czajków (Settlement) Polish
Derived from Polish czajka meaning "lapwing (bird)". This is the name of several towns in Poland.

Czechoslovakia (Country) English
Combination of Czechia and Slovakia. This was the name of a country that existed between 1918 and 1993, at which time it split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

Däitschland (Country) Luxembourgish
Luxembourgish form of Deutschland.

Dallas (Settlement) English
Several of the places bearing this name, including probably the city in Texas, were named for the American vice president George M. Dallas (1792-1864). His surname is of Old English origin meaning "valley house".

Damas (Settlement) French
French form of Damascus.

Damasco (Settlement) Italian, Spanish, Portuguese
Italian, Spanish and Portuguese form of Damascus.

Damascus (Settlement) Ancient Roman, Biblical Latin, English
Meaning unknown, probably of Semitic origin. It is first mentioned in Egyptian records from the 15th century BC under the name Tmsq. It is now the capital city of Syria.

Damaskos (Settlement) Ancient Greek, Biblical Greek
Greek form of Damascus.

Dameshq (Settlement) Persian
Persian form of Damascus.

Dammeseq (Settlement) Ancient Aramaic, Biblical Hebrew, Hebrew
Aramaic and Hebrew form of Damascus.

Dänemark (Country) German
German form of Denmark.

Danemark (Country) French
French form of Denmark.

Dānija (Country) Latvian
Latvian form of Denmark.

Danija (Country) Lithuanian
Lithuanian form of Denmark.

Danimarca (Country) Italian
Italian form of Denmark.

Daniya (Country) Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian
Russian, Ukrainian and Bulgarian form of Denmark.

Danmark (Country) Danish, Swedish, Norwegian
Danish, Swedish and Norwegian form of Denmark.

Danmörk (Country) Icelandic
Icelandic form of Denmark.

Danmǫrk (Country) Old Norse
Old Norse form of Denmark.

Danska (Country) Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene, Macedonian
Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene and Macedonian form of Denmark.

Danube (River) English
From Latin Danubius, from Indo-European Danu, probably meaning "river, water". This is the name of a river that flows east through Europe to the Black Sea.

Danubius (River) Ancient Roman
Latin form of Danube.

Deasmhumhain (Region) Irish
From Irish deas "south" and Mumhain. This was the name of a medieval kingdom in southern Ireland, created when the kingdom of Munster was partitioned. It is Anglicized as Desmond.

Deasumhain (Region) Irish
Variant of Deasmhumhain.

Debenham (Settlement) English
From the Old English river name Deben combined with ham meaning "home, homestead". This is the name of a town in Suffolk, on the River Deben.

Dee (River) English
Possibly from a Celtic root meaning "divine". This is the name of rivers in Scotland (Gaelic Dhè) and Wales (Welsh Dyfrdwy).

Deighton (Settlement) English
From Old English dic "ditch" and tun "enclosure, yard, town". This is the name of various towns in England.

Delfoi (Settlement) Greek
Modern Greek transcription of Delphoi.

Delhi (Settlement) English
From Sanskrit दिल्ली (Dilli), possibly from देहली (dehali) meaning "threshold", or possibly from the name of a 1st-century BC king. This is the name of a large city in northern India, which includes the district of New Delhi, the Indian capital.

Delphi (Settlement) Ancient Roman, English
Latinized form of Greek Δελφοί (Delphoi), from δελφύς (delphys) meaning "womb". This was the name of an ancient Greek city, the site of an oracle of Apollo.

Delphoi (Settlement) Ancient Greek
Greek form of Delphi.

Denemarke (Country) Afrikaans
Afrikaans form of Denmark.

Denemarken (Country) Dutch
Dutch form of Denmark.

Denmark (Country) English
From Danish Danmark, derived from the ethnic name Dane, which is possibly from Germanic den meaning "low ground", combined with mark meaning "borderland". This is the name of a country in Northern Europe.

Desmond (Region) English
English form of Deasmhumhain.

Deutschland (Country) German
Derived from German deutsch meaning "German" (ultimately from Germanic *þeudō "people") and Land. This is the German endonym for Germany.

Dhè (River) Scottish Gaelic
Scottish Gaelic form of Dee.

Dilli (Settlement) Hindi, Marathi, Bengali, Assamese, Odia, Sanskrit
Form of Delhi used in several Indian languages.

Dimashq (Settlement) Arabic
Arabic form of Damascus.

Dinamarca (Country) Spanish, Portuguese
Spanish and Portuguese form of Denmark.

Dogil (Country) Korean
Derived via Japanese from Dutch Duits meaning "German". This is the Korean name for Germany.

Doitsu (Country) Japanese
Derived from Dutch Duits meaning "German". This is the Japanese name for Germany.

Donau (River) German, Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish
Form of Danube in various languages.

Douglas (River & Settlement) Scottish
From Gaelic dubh "dark" and glais "water, river" (an archaic word related to glas "grey, green"). This is the name of a tributary of the River Clyde called the Douglas Water, as well as a town that sits upon it in Lanarkshire.

Dùbhghlas (River & Settlement) Scottish Gaelic
Scottish Gaelic form of Douglas.

Dudley (Settlement) English
Means "Dudda's clearing" in Old English. This is the name of a city in the West Midlands, England.

Duitsland (Country) Dutch
Dutch form of Deutschland.

Duna (River) Hungarian
Hungarian form of Danube.

Dunaj (River) Polish, Czech, Slovak
Polish, Czech and Slovak form of Danube.

Dyfrdwy (River) Welsh
Compound of Old Welsh dwfr "water" and duiu "god". This is the Welsh name of the River Dee.

Dzhordzhiya (Political Subdivision) Russian
Russian form of Georgia 2, the American state.

Eaton (Settlement) English
Derived from Old English ea "river" and tun "enclosure, yard, town". This is the name of several English towns.

Ebenezer (Other) Biblical
From Hebrew אֶבֶן הָעָזֶר ('Even Ha'azer) meaning "stone of help". This is the name of a monument erected by Samuel in the Old Testament.

Eboracum (Settlement) Old Celtic (Latinized)
Latinized form of York.

Écosse (Country) French
French form of Scotland.

'Eden (Region) Biblical Hebrew
Hebrew form of Eden.

Éden (Region) Biblical French
French form of Eden.

Eden (Region) Hebrew, Biblical
Possibly from Hebrew עֵדֶן ('eden) meaning "pleasure, delight", or perhaps derived from Sumerian 𒂔 (edin) meaning "plain". According to the Old Testament the Garden of Eden was the place where the first people, Adam and Eve, lived before they were expelled.

Effratis (River) Greek
Modern Greek form of Euphrates.

Ege (Body of Water) Turkish
Turkish form of Aegean.

Égée (Body of Water) French
French form of Aegean.

Egeo (Body of Water) Greek, Italian, Spanish
Modern Greek, Italian and Spanish form of Aegean.

Egipat (Country) Serbian, Croatian
Serbian and Croatian form of Aegyptus (see Egypt).

Egipt (Country) Polish, Slovene, Romanian
Polish, Slovene and Romanian form of Aegyptus (see Egypt).

Egipte (Country) Afrikaans, Catalan
Afrikaans and Catalan form of Egypte or Aegyptus (see Egypt).

Egipto (Country) Spanish
Spanish form of Aegyptus (see Egypt).

Egito (Country) Portuguese
Portuguese form of Aegyptus (see Egypt).

Egitto (Country) Italian
Italian form of Aegyptus (see Egypt).

Egypt (Country) English
From Latin Aegyptus, itself from Greek Αἴγυπτος (Aigyptos), which was probably derived from Egyptian ḥwt-kꜣ-ptḥ, the name of the temple to the god Ptah in Memphis, meaning "the house of the soul of Ptah". Descendants of the Latin name are used in most European languages to refer to the ancient kingdom and modern country of Egypt. However, the name the ancient Egyptians used to refer to the Nile Valley was Kemet, and the Arabic speakers of modern Egypt call it Masr.

Égypte (Country) French
French form of Aegyptus (see Egypt).

Egypte (Country) Dutch
Dutch form of Aegyptus (see Egypt).

Éire (Country & Island) Irish
Possibly means "abundant land" in Old Irish. This is the Irish name of the country and island of Ireland. According to legend the island was named for the goddess Ériu, though in fact it was she who was named for the island.

Eiropa (Region) Latvian
Latvian form of Europe.

Ellada (Country) Greek
Modern Greek form of Ancient Greek Ἑλλάδα (Hellada), derived from Ἕλλην (Hellen) meaning "Greek", which is of uncertain origin. This is the Greek endonym for Greece.

Emerita Augusta (Settlement) Ancient Roman
Latin form of Mérida.

Endla (Body of Water) Estonian
From the medieval personal name Ent or Endo, which are of uncertain origin, possibly derivatives of the personal name Hendrik or Andres. This is the name of an Estonian lake often appearing in folk poetry.

Engeland (Country) Dutch
Dutch form of England.

Englaland (Country) Anglo-Saxon
Old English form of England.

England (Country) English, German, Swedish, Danish, Norwegian
From Old English Englaland meaning "land of the Angles", the Angles being one of the Germanic tribes that settled in the area in the post-Roman period. This is the name of a country (part of the United Kingdom) on the southern portion of the island of Great Britain. The United Kingdom is sometimes (inaccurately) referred to as England.

Eragh (Country) Persian
Persian form of Iraq.

Eran (Country) Middle Persian
Middle Persian form of Iran.

Erech (Settlement) Biblical
Form of Uruk used in the English Old Testament.

Erekh (Settlement) Biblical Hebrew
Form of Uruk used in the Hebrew Bible.

Ériu (Country & Island) Old Irish
Old Irish form of Éire.

Ermənistan (Country) Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani form of Armanestan, referring to Armenia.

Ermenija (Country) Macedonian
Macedonian form of Armenia.

Ermenistan (Country) Turkish
Turkish form of Armanestan, referring to Armenia.

Escócia (Country) Portuguese
Portuguese form of Scotland.

Escocia (Country) Spanish
Spanish form of Scotland.

Esharra (Other) Ancient Assyrian
From Sumerian 𒂍 (e) meaning "temple, house" and 𒊹 (shar) meaning "totality, world". This was the name of the main temple dedicated to the god Ashur in the city of Ashur.

Eshiya (Region) Hindi, Bengali, Gujarati
Hindi, Bengali and Gujarati form of Asia.

Eslováquia (Country) Portuguese
Portuguese form of Slovakia.

Eslovàquia (Country) Catalan
Catalan form of Slovakia.

Eslovaquia (Country) Spanish
Spanish form of Slovakia.

Eslovénia (Country) Portuguese (European)
Portuguese form of Slovenia.

Eslovènia (Country) Catalan, Occitan
Catalan and Occitan form of Slovenia.

Eslovênia (Country) Portuguese (Brazilian)
Brazilian Portuguese form of Slovenia.

Eslovenia (Country) Spanish
Spanish form of Slovenia.

Espagne (Country) French
French form of Hispania (see Spain).

Espainia (Country) Basque
Basque form of Hispania (see Spain).

España (Country) Spanish, Galician
Spanish and Galician form of Hispania (see Spain).

Espaniya (Country) Persian
Persian form of Hispania (see Spain).

Espanja (Country) Finnish
Finnish form of Hispania (see Spain).

Espanya (Country) Catalan, Tagalog, Cebuano
Catalan, Tagalog and Cebuano form of Hispania (see Spain).

Essen (Settlement) German, English
From older Astnide, possibly a derivative of Old High German asc meaning "ash tree". This is the name of a city in Germany, founded in the 9th century.

Estados Unidos (Country) Spanish, Portuguese
Spanish and Portuguese calque of United States, written with the definite article (los and os respectively).

Estonia (Country) English, Italian, Spanish, Indonesian, Malay, Late Roman
From Estonian eesti meaning "Estonian", a word borrowed from Low German in the 17th century. It is of uncertain origin. It could be from a Germanic rendering of the Baltic tribe of the Aesti, mentioned by the Roman historian Tacitus.

Estonija (Country) Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene, Macedonian
Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene and Macedonian form of Estonia.

Estoniya (Country) Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik, Uzbek
Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik and Uzbek form of Estonia.

États-Unis (Country) French
French calque of United States, written with the definite article les.

Ethiopia (Country) English
From Latin Aethiopia, itself from Greek Αἰθιοπία (Aithiopia), said to derive from αἴθω (aitho) meaning "to burn" and ὄψ (ops) meaning "face", referring to the skin colour of the inhabitants (probably a folk etymology). This is the name of a country in East Africa.

Éthiopie (Country) French
French form of Aethiopia (see Ethiopia).

Ethiopië (Country) Dutch
Dutch form of Aethiopia (see Ethiopia).

Etiópia (Country) Portuguese, Hungarian
Portuguese and Hungarian form of Aethiopia (see Ethiopia).

Etiopía (Country) Spanish
Spanish form of Aethiopia (see Ethiopia).

Etiopia (Country) Italian, Polish, Norwegian, Finnish, Georgian, Korean, Indonesian
Italian, Polish, Norwegian, Finnish, Georgian, Korean and Indonesian form of Aethiopia (see Ethiopia).

Etiopien (Country) Swedish, Danish
Swedish and Danish form of Aethiopia (see Ethiopia).

Etiopija (Country) Serbian, Croatian, Slovene, Macedonian, Lithuanian, Latvian
Serbian, Croatian, Slovene, Macedonian, Lithuanian and Latvian form of Aethiopia (see Ethiopia).

Euphrates (River) English, Ancient Roman, Ancient Greek
From Greek Εὐφράτης (Euphrates), the name of a river in Mesopotamia. It is derived from Old Persian 𐎢𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎬𐎢 (Ufratu), itself from Elamite or Sumerian, of uncertain meaning.

Eurasia (Region) English, Italian, Spanish, Romanian, Norwegian
Combination of Europe and Asia. This is the name of the landmass comprising all of Europe and Asia.

Eurasie (Region) French, Czech
French and Czech form of Eurasia.

Eurasien (Region) German, Danish, Swedish
German, Danish and Swedish form of Eurasia.

Eurazja (Region) Polish
Polish form of Eurasia.

Euripos (Body of Water) Ancient Greek
Possibly from Greek εὖ (eu) meaning "good" and ῥιπή (rhipe) meaning "throw, swing". This was the name of the strait between Euboea and Boeotia.

Euripus (Body of Water) Ancient Roman
Latin form of Euripos.

Euroopa (Region) Estonian
Estonian form of Europe.

Eurooppa (Region) Finnish
Finnish form of Europe.

Európa (Region) Hungarian, Slovak
Hungarian and Slovak form of Europe.

Europa (Region) Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Catalan, Galician, German, Dutch, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, Lithuanian, Polish, Romanian, Croatian, Kazakh, Ancient Roman
Form of Europe in several languages.

Europe (Region) English, French, Ancient Greek
From Greek Εὐρώπη (see Europa). The name of the mythological princess is from that of the continent.

'Even Ha'azer (Other) Biblical Hebrew
Original Hebrew form of Ebenezer.

Evripos (Body of Water) Greek
Modern Greek of Euripos.

Evrópa (Region) Icelandic
Icelandic form of Europe.

Evropa (Region) Czech, Slovene, Serbian, Bosnian, Albanian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Georgian, Kyrgyz, Armenian, Russian
Form of Europe used in various languages. This is also an alternate transcription of Armenian Եվրոպա or Russian Европа (see Yevropa).

Ewart (Settlement) English
From Old English ea "river" and worþ "enclosure". This is the name of a town in Northumberland, England.

Faransa (Country) Arabic
Arabic form of France.

Faris (Country) Arabic
Arabic form of Persia.

Farnham (Settlement) English
From Old English fearn "fern" and ham "home" or ham "water meadow, enclosure". This is the name of several towns in England, notably in Surrey.

Feilubin (Country) Chinese
Chinese form of Philippines.

Filadelfia (Settlement) Spanish
Spanish form of Philadelphia.

Filipina (Country) Indonesian, Malay
Indonesian and Malay form of Philippines.

Filipinas (Country) Spanish, Portuguese, Ilocano
Spanish, Portuguese and Ilocano form of Philippines.

Filipów (Settlement) Polish
Derived from the given name Filip. This is the name of a town in Poland.

Filippine (Country) Italian
Italian form of Philippines.

Finland (Country) English, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Dutch, Malay
From Old Norse Finnr, which referred to the Finn and Sami peoples, combined with land. This is the name of a country in Northern Europe, called Suomi in Finnish.

Finlande (Country) French
French form of Finnland (see Finland).

Finlândia (Country) Portuguese
Portuguese form of Finnland (see Finland).

Finlandia (Country) Spanish, Italian, Polish, Greek, Indonesian
Spanish, Italian, Polish, Greek and Indonesian form of Finnland (see Finland).

Finlyandiya (Country) Russian, Ukrainian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz
Russian, Ukrainian, Kazakh and Kyrgyz form of Finnland (see Finland).

Finnland (Country) Old Norse, German
Old Norse and German form of Finland.

Finska (Country) Croatian, Serbian, Slovene, Macedonian
Croatian, Serbian, Slovene and Macedonian form of Finland.

Finsko (Country) Czech
Czech form of Finland.

Fırat (River) Turkish
Turkish form of Euphrates.

Firipin (Country) Japanese
Japanese form of Philippines.

Florída (Political Subdivision) Portuguese
Portuguese form of Florida.

Florida (Political Subdivision) English, Spanish, German, Italian
A state of the United States, meaning "flowery, ornate" in Spanish, so called because in 1513 the explorer Juan Ponce de León landed there during the Pascua Florida (meaning "flowery Easter", a Spanish name for Palm Sunday).

Floride (Political Subdivision) French
French form of Florida.

Forum Iulii (Settlement & Region) Ancient Roman
Latin form of Friuli, the name of both the region and the town.

Foulden (Settlement) English
From Old English fugol meaning "bird" and dun meaning "hill". This is the name of a town in Norfolk.

França (Country) Portuguese, Catalan
Portuguese and Catalan form of Francia (see France).

France (Country) French, English
From Latin Francia meaning "land of the Franks". The Franks were the Germanic tribe who settled in the region in the 3rd century. They derived their tribal name from the name of a type of spear that they used.

Francia (Country) Late Roman, Italian, Spanish
Latin form of France.

Francie (Country) Czech
Czech form of France.

Francija (Country) Latvian, Macedonian, Slovene
Latvian, Macedonian and Slovene form of Francia (see France).

Francja (Country) Polish
Polish form of Francia (see France).

Franconia (Region) Late Roman, English, Italian, Spanish
Latin name derived from Frank, the name of a Germanic tribe. This is the name of a region in southern Germany.

Francuska (Country) Croatian, Serbian
Croatian and Serbian form of France.

Franken (Region) German, Dutch, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish
German form of Franconia.

Frankenstein (Settlement) German
From German Franken, the name of the Germanic tribe of the Franks, and Steinn meaning "stone". This is the name of a few small towns in Germany.

Frankreich (Country) German
Derived from German Franken, the name of the Germanic tribe of Franks, and Reich meaning "empire, realm". This is the German name for France.

Frankrig (Country) Danish
Danish cognate of Frankreich. This is the Danish name for France.

Frankrijk (Country) Dutch
Dutch cognate of Frankreich. This is the Dutch name for France.

Frankrike (Country) Swedish, Norwegian
Swedish and Norwegian cognate of Frankreich. This is the Swedish name for France.

Frankryk (Country) Afrikaans
Afrikaans form of Frankrijk.

Fransa (Country) Turkish, Azerbaijani
Turkish and Azerbaijani form of France.

Fransiýa (Country) Turkmen
Turkmen form of Francia (see France).

Fransiya (Country) Uzbek
Uzbek form of Francia (see France).

Franța (Country) Romanian
Romanian form of Francia (see France).

Frantsiya (Country) Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Kazakh
Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian and Kazakh form of Francia (see France).

Friesland (Region) Dutch
Dutch form of Frisia (using the suffix land).

Frieslande (Region) German
German form of Frisia (using the suffix land).

Frisia (Region) English, Late Roman
From the name of the West Germanic Frisian people, called the Frisii in Latin, possibly from Germanic *frisaz meaning "curly". This is the name of an area along the coast of the North Sea stretching from the Netherlands to Germany.

Friuli (Region) Italian, English, Spanish
From the name of the Roman town of Forum Iulii (now called Cividale del Friuli) meaning "forum of Julius". This is the name of a region in northeastern Italy.

Fryslân (Region) Frisian
West Frisian form of Frisia (using lân "land").

Furansu (Country) Japanese
Japanese form of France.

Furat (River) Arabic
Arabic form of Euphrates. In Arabic it is properly written with the definite article: الفرات (al-Furat).

Furlanija (Region) Slovene
Slovene form of Friuli.

Galaad (Region) Biblical French
French form of Gilead.

Galácia (Region) Portuguese
Portuguese form of Galatia, referring to the region in Anatolia.

Galacia (Region) Spanish
Spanish form of Galatia, referring to the region in Anatolia.

Galatia (Region & Political Subdivision) Ancient Greek, Ancient Roman, English
From the Greek word for the Gaulish people Γαλάτης (Galates), probably a cognate of Latin Gallus (see Gallia). This was the Greek name for the region of Gaul. It was also used to refer to a region in Anatolia (modern Turkey) where Gauls settled in the 3rd century BC.... [more]

Galatien (Region) German
German form of Galatia, referring to the region in Anatolia.

Galatya (Region) Turkish
Turkish form of Galatia, referring both to Gaul and the ancient region in Anatolia.

Galazia (Region) Italian
Italian form of Galatia, referring to the region in Anatolia.

Gales (Country) Spanish, Portuguese
Spanish and Portuguese form of Wales.

Galia (Region) Spanish
Spanish form of Gallia, referring to the historical region of Gaul.

Galil (Region) Hebrew, Ancient Hebrew, Biblical Hebrew
Hebrew form of Galilee.

Galilaea (Region) Ancient Roman, Biblical Latin
Latin form of Galilee.

Galilaia (Region) Ancient Greek, Biblical Greek
Greek form of Galilee.

Galilee (Region) English, Biblical
From Hebrew גָּלִיל (Galil) meaning "district, roll". This is a region in northern Israel, mentioned in the Old and New Testament.

Galles (Country) French, Italian
French and Italian form of Wales.

Gallia (Region, Political Subdivision & Country) Ancient Roman, Italian, Greek
Latin name for the historical region of Gaul. It is derived from the Latin ethnic word Gallus, referring to the Gauls (Celts of continental Europe), probably ultimately derived from the Celtic root *galn- "be able".... [more]

Gallien (Region) German
German form of Gallia, referring to the historical region of Gaul.

Gary (Settlement) English
City in Indiana that was named after businessman Elbert Henry Gary (1846-1927), the founder of U.S. Steel.

Gaul (Region) English
From French Gaule, the name of a historical region that was situated approximately in the area of modern France. In the Roman era it was called Gallia, which may be the origin of Gaule, though the evolution of the word would be irregular. It is more likely derived from Frankish walh meaning "foreigner, Celt".

Gaule (Region) French
French form of Gaul.

Gênes (Settlement) French
French form of Genoa.

Genoa (Settlement) English
From Latin Genua, probably derived from genu meaning "knee". This is the name of a port city in northwestern Italy. It is called Genova in Italian.

Génova (Settlement) Spanish
Spanish form of Genoa.

Genova (Settlement) Italian
Italian form of Genoa.

Genua (Settlement) Ancient Roman, German, Dutch
Latin, German and Dutch form of Genoa.

Geórgia (Country & Political Subdivision) Portuguese
Portuguese form of Georgia 1 or Georgia 2.

Georgia 1 (Country) English, Italian, Spanish, Norwegian, Finnish, Greek, Late Roman
Possibly of Persian origin, maybe from Middle Persian gurg meaning "wolf". In Europe the name was long explained as derived from the given name George. This is the name of a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. It is called Sakartvelo in Georgian.

Georgia 2 (Political Subdivision) English, Spanish, Italian, German, Swedish, Danish, Norwegian, Finnish, Dutch
From the given name George, named in honour of the British king George II. This was the name of an American colony, later a state.

Géorgie (Country & Political Subdivision) French
French form of Georgia 1 or Georgia 2.

Georgië (Country) Dutch
Dutch form of Georgia 1.

Georgien (Country) German, Swedish, Danish
German, Swedish and Danish form of Georgia 1.

Germania (Region & Country) Ancient Roman, Italian, Greek, Romanian, Georgian
Latin, Italian, Greek, Romanian and Georgian form of Germany.

Germaniya (Country) Russian, Bulgarian, Uzbek, Kazakh, Kyrgyz
Russian, Bulgarian, Uzbek, Kazakh and Kyrgyz form of Germania (see Germany).

Germany (Country) English
From Latin Germania, first attested in the writings of Julius Caesar, used to refer to the areas east of the Rhine and north of the Danube. The origin of the term is uncertain. This is an English exonym corresponding to German Deutschland.

Gerusalemme (Settlement) Italian
Italian form of Jerusalem.