Caucasian Place Names

These names are used by the various ethnic groups of the Caucasus, a region between Europe and Asia.
type
usage
Anglia (Country & Region) Late Roman, Polish, Hungarian, Romanian, Greek, Albanian, Armenian
Late Latin form of England (and also of Angel).
Angola (Country) Portuguese, English, Spanish, French, Italian, German, Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Finnish, Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Hungarian, Romanian, Slovene, Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, Albanian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Turkish, Georgian, Armenian, Indonesian, Malay
Portuguese form of Ngola, the royal title of the kings of Ndongo, an African kingdom that was conquered by the Portuguese in the 17th-century. It was a Portuguese colony until 1975, when it became an independent country.
Ararat (Mountain) Armenian, Biblical, Biblical Hebrew
From the name of the ancient kingdom of Urartu. This is the name of a mountain in Turkey (formerly part of Armenia), the place where Noah's Ark came to rest according to the Old Testament. It is usually called Մասիս (Masis) in Armenian.
Argentina (Country) Spanish, English, Portuguese, Italian, Russian, Romanian, Czech, Slovene, Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, Macedonian, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Estonian, Lithuanian, Hebrew, Georgian, Azerbaijani, Indonesian, Malay
From Latin argentinus meaning "silvery", a derivative of argentum meaning "silver". This is the name of a country in South America, arising from a Latinized form of Spanish Río de la Plata meaning "river of silver".
Asiya (Region) Arabic, Persian, Azerbaijani, Hausa
Arabic, Persian, Azerbaijani and Hausa form of Asia.
Avstralia (Region & Country) Georgian
Georgian form of Australia.
Bahreini (Country & Island) Georgian
Georgian form of Bahrain.
Bahreyn (Country & Island) Persian, Turkish, Armenian, Bulgarian
Persian, Turkish, Armenian and Bulgarian form of Bahrain.
Bangladesh (Country) Bengali, Assamese, Hindi, Marathi, Gujarati, Telugu, English, French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Dutch, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian, Finnish, Estonian, Russian, Bulgarian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Uzbek, Mongolian, Armenian, Hebrew, Persian, Indonesian, Malay
From Bengali বাংলাদেশ (Bānglādesh) meaning "country of the Bengali people", from the name of the Bengali people বাংলা (Bānglā) combined with দেশ (desh) "country, state". The ethnic name is derived from that of the ancient kingdom of Vanga. This is the name of a country in south Asia.
Belgia (Country) Finnish, Romanian, Norwegian, Polish, Georgian, Indonesian
Finnish, Romanian, Norwegian, Polish, Georgian and Indonesian form of Belgium.
Bolivia (Country) Spanish, English, Italian, Dutch, Georgian, Indonesian, Malay
From the surname Bolívar, in honour of the revolutionary Simón Bolívar. This is the name of a country in South America.
Brazilia (Country & Settlement) Romanian, Georgian
Romanian and Georgian form of Brazil. This is also the Georgian name for Brazil's capital city Brasília.
Braziliya (Country) Russian, Bulgarian, Azerbaijani
Russian, Bulgarian and Azerbaijani form of Brazil.
Brunei (Country) Malay, Indonesian, English, German, Dutch, French, Italian, Portuguese, Catalan, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Finnish, Estonian, Hungarian, Polish, Romanian, Albanian, Georgian, Turkish, Hindi, Tagalog
Possibly from Sanskrit वरुण, the Hindu god Varuna or figuratively meaning "water, ocean". However, according to tradition, Brunei was from the Malay phrase baru nah meaning "there!" or "that's it!", which was supposedly declared by Brunei's first sultan Muhammad Shah when he discovered it in the 14th century.... [more]
Bruney (Country) Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik, Armenian, Azerbaijani
Form of Brunei in several languages.
Ceyhun (River) Turkish, Azerbaijani
Turkish and Azerbaijani form of Jayhun.
Chile (Country) Spanish, English, German, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Finnish, Polish, Hungarian, Czech, Portuguese, Romanian, Georgian
The name of a country in South America, possibly from Quechua chiri meaning "cold" or Mapuche chülle meaning "seagull". This name was applied to the region by the conquistador Diego de Almagro.
Çin (Country) Turkish, Azerbaijani
Turkish and Azerbaijani form of China.
Ermənistan (Country) Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani form of Armanestan, referring to Armenia.
Etiopia (Country) Italian, Polish, Norwegian, Finnish, Georgian, Korean, Indonesian
Italian, Polish, Norwegian, Finnish, Georgian, Korean and Indonesian form of Aethiopia (see Ethiopia).
Evropa (Region) Czech, Slovene, Serbian, Bosnian, Albanian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Georgian, Kyrgyz, Armenian, Russian
Form of Europe used in various languages. This is also an alternate transcription of Armenian Եվրոպա or Russian Европа (see Yevropa).
Fransa (Country) Turkish, Azerbaijani
Turkish and Azerbaijani form of France.
Germania (Region & Country) Ancient Roman, Italian, Greek, Romanian, Georgian
Latin, Italian, Greek, Romanian and Georgian form of Germany.
Hayastan (Country) Armenian
From the Armenian word հայ (hay) meaning "Armenian" combined with the Persian suffix ستان (stān) meaning "land of". This is the Armenian name for Armenia.
Hayk (Country) Armenian (Archaic)
From the Armenian word հայ (hay) meaning "Armenian", of uncertain ultimate origin. Some theories claim it is from the name of the Armenian hero Hayk, though it is more likely that they simply derive from the same source. This is an archaic Armenian name for Armenia; the modern name is Հայաստան (Hayastan).
Hindistan (Country) Turkish, Azerbaijani, Turkmen, Uyghur
Turkish, Azerbaijani, Turkmen and Uyghur form of Hendustan, used as the name of the country of India.
Hungaria (Country) Late Roman, Albanian, Armenian, Indonesian
Latin, Albanian, Armenian and Indonesian form of Hungary.
Iemeni (Country) Georgian
Georgian form of Yemen.
Iordania (Country) Romanian, Greek, Georgian
Romanian, Greek and Georgian form of Jordan (the country).
İran (Country) Azerbaijani, Turkish
Azerbaijani and Turkish form of Iran.
İraq (Country) Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani form of Iraq.
Irlandia (Country & Island) Polish, Greek, Georgian, Indonesian
Polish, Greek, Georgian and Indonesian form of Ireland.
İspaniya (Country) Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani form of Hispania (see Spain).
İsrail (Country) Turkish, Azerbaijani
Turkish and Azerbaijani form of Israel.
Italia (Country) Italian, Spanish, Greek, Romanian, Norwegian, Finnish, Georgian, Indonesian, Ancient Roman
Italian and Latin form of Italy, as well as the form in several other languages.
Kənan (Region) Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani form of Canaan.
Korea (Country) English, German, Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Finnish, Estonian, Czech, Greek, Georgian, Armenian, Indonesian, Malay, Tagalog
From medieval Latin Corea, itself derived from Goryeo, the name of a kingdom that ruled most of the Korean Peninsula from the 10th to 14th centuries. This is the name of two countries, North and South Korea. Hanguk and Joseon are the Korean names for the countries.
Laos (Country) French, English, German, Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Icelandic, Finnish, Estonian, Italian, Spanish, Catalan, Portuguese, Romanian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovene, Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik, Uzbek, Turkmen, Greek, Turkish, Azerbaijani, Armenian, Hebrew, Hindi, Nepali, Malay, Indonesian, Tagalog
The name of a country in southeastern Asia, derived from the Lao people, the majority ethnic group. Their name may be derived from an Austroasiatic root meaning "human". The name Laos was originally applied to the region by France, who established it as a colony in 1893. It achieved independence in 1953.
Libia (Country) Italian, Spanish, Polish, Albanian, Armenian, Georgian, Thai
Form of Libya in several languages.
Litva (Country) Russian, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Slovene, Bulgarian, Georgian
Russian, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Slovene, Bulgarian and Georgian form of Lietuva (see Lithuania).
Liviya (Country) Russian, Ukrainian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Uzbek, Azerbaijani
Form of Libya in several languages.
Luksemburgi (Country, Settlement & Political Subdivision) Georgian
Georgian form of Luxembourg.
Madrid (Settlement & Political Subdivision) Spanish, Asturian, Catalan, Galician, Portuguese, French, Italian, English, German, Dutch, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish, Estonian, Hungarian, Romanian, Czech, Slovak, Slovene, Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik, Uzbek, Turkmen, Mongolian, Turkish, Azerbaijani, Armenian, Hebrew, Arabic, Persian, Hindi, Indonesian, Malay, Tagalog
From Old Spanish Magerit, itself from Arabic مجريط (Majrīṭ), of uncertain meaning. It may be derived from Arabic مجرى (majrā) meaning "watercourse, channel" or from Latin matrix meaning "source, origin (of a river)". This is the name of the capital city of Spain as well as an autonomous community surrounding it.
Malayzia (Country) Armenian
Armenian form of Malaysia.
Malayziya (Country) Arabic, Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Uzbek, Tajik, Azerbaijani
Form of Malaysia in several languages.
Mali (Country) Manding, Fula, Arabic, French, Portuguese, Italian, Catalan, English, German, Dutch, Afrikaans, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish, Estonian, Latvian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Romanian, Hungarian, Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Slovene, Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, Albanian, Greek, Hebrew, Armenian, Georgian, Turkish, Azerbaijani, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik, Uzbek, Persian, Urdu, Sinhalese, Hindi, Chinese, Mongolian, Burmese, Thai, Lao, Indonesian, Malay, Tagalog
A landlocked country in West Africa, named after an empire that lasted until the 17th century. The empire's name is possibly from a dialectal variant of the name of the Mande peoples. Alternatively, it could be from the name of the empire's capital (which has not been located) or from a Mande word meaning "hippopotamus".
Marakeshi (Settlement) Georgian
Georgian form of Arabic مرّاكش (see Marrakesh).
Moskovi (Settlement & River) Georgian
Georgian form of Moscow (the city and the river).
Moskva (Settlement & River) Russian, Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Azerbaijani, English
Russian form of Moscow. In most languages this name refers to both the city and the river, while in English it only refers to the river.
Namibia (Country) English, German, Swedish, Danish, Norwegian, Finnish, Polish, Italian, Spanish, Romanian, Albanian, Georgian, Armenian, Swahili, Indonesian, Malay, Japanese, Korean
From the name of the Namib Desert, meaning "desert, vast place" in Khoekhoe. This is a country in southwestern Africa.
Nigeria (Country) English, French, Italian, Spanish, German, Dutch, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish, Polish, Romanian, Albanian, Georgian
From the name of the Niger River, applied in the 19th century to the British colonial territory in West Africa. It continued to be used after the territory became an independent country in 1960.
Nil (River) Arabic, French, German, Luxembourgish, Catalan, Czech, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Slovene, Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, Turkish, Azerbaijani
Form of Nile in various languages. In Arabic it is properly written with the definite article: النيل (al-Nīl).
Norveç (Country) Turkish, Azerbaijani
Turkish and Azerbaijani form of Norway.
Norvegia (Country) Italian, Georgian
Italian and Georgian form of Norway.
Oman (Country) English, French, Italian, Catalan, German, Dutch, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian, Finnish, Polish, Romanian, Slovene, Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Greek, Russian, Ukrainian, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Turkmen, Mongolian, Hindi, Bengali, Thai, Indonesian, Malay, Korean, Tagalog
From Arabic عمان (ʿUmān), probably from the name of an ancient town called Omana by the Roman author Pliny the Elder in the 1st century. It can probably be identified with the modern city of Suhar, and is from an Arabic root meaning "to settle, to remain, to dwell". This is the name of a country on the southeastern corner of the Arabian Peninsula.
Omani (Country) Albanian, Georgian
Albanian and Georgian form of Oman.
Panama (Country & Settlement) English, French, Italian, German, Dutch, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian, Icelandic, Finnish, Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Hungarian, Romanian, Slovene, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Ukrainian, Russian, Belarusian, Turkish, Azerbaijani, Armenian, Georgian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik, Uzbek, Persian, Urdu, Hindi, Bengali, Burmese, Thai, Lao, Khmer, Indonesian, Malay, Tagalog, Japanese, Korean
From Spanish Panamá, of uncertain meaning. It may be derived from the name of a tree commonly found in the area (species Sterculia apetala). Alternatively it could be related to Guaraní panambi meaning "butterfly" or Kuna bannaba meaning "distant, far away". This is the name of a country in Central America. It is also the name of its capital, usually called Panama City in English.
Pariz (Settlement) Slovene, Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, Macedonian, Hebrew, Armenian
Form of Paris in several languages.
Pekin (Settlement) Japanese, Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Polish, Turkish, Azerbaijani, Armenian, Uzbek, Turkmen
Form of Beijing in several languages.
Peru (Country) English, Portuguese, German, Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Finnish, Russian, Ukrainian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovene, Hungarian, Croatian, Serbian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Turkish, Azerbaijani, Georgian, Hindi
From Spanish Perú, older Birú, which was possibly derived from the name of a chieftain (who nevertheless resided in modern-day Panama).
Portugalia (Country) Polish, Romanian, Albanian, Armenian, Georgian
Polish, Romanian, Albanian, Armenian and Georgian form of Portugal.
Qana (Country) Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani form of Ghana.
Qazaqstan (Country) Kazakh, Chechen
Kazakh (and Chechen) form of Kazakhstan.
Ruanda (Country) German, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Catalan, Finnish, Latvian, Lithuanian, Hungarian, Slovene, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian, Ukrainian, Georgian, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Turkish, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik, English, French
Form of Rwanda in several languages, as well as a variant spelling in other languages.
Rusiya (Country) Arabic, Bulgarian, Tajik, Azerbaijani
Arabic, Bulgarian, Tajik and Azerbaijani form of Russia.
Sakartvelo (Country) Georgian
From Georgian ქართველი (kartveli), a term referring to a Georgian person, itself derived from the central region of ქართლი (Kartli). It is prefixed with სა (sa), indicating a place. This is the Georgian name for the country of Georgia.
Senegal (River & Country) Portuguese, English, Spanish, Italian, German, Swedish, Dutch, Norwegian, Danish, Icelandic, Finnish, Estonian, Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovene, Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Romanian, Turkish, Armenian, Persian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik, Uzbek, Turkmen, Mongolian, Hindi, Bengali, Korean, Indonesian, Malay, Tagalog
From Portuguese, possibly from the name of the Berber Zenaga people of northern Senegal. This is the name of a river in West Africa, and a country named after it. It gained independence from France in 1960.
Shri Lanka (Country & Island) Sinhalese, Armenian, Bulgarian, Mongolian, Uzbek
Sinhala form of Sri Lanka, as well as the Armenian, Bulgarian, Mongolian and Uzbek form.
Shri-Lanka (Country & Island) Russian, Ukrainian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik, Uzbek, Georgian
Form of Sri Lanka in several languages.
Siria (Country) Italian, Spanish, Albanian, Georgian, Armenian, Thai, Korean
Form of Syria in various languages.
Slovenia (Country) English, Italian, Romanian, Norwegian, Finnish, Greek, Georgian
From Slovene, the language of the Slovenes, derived from the Old Slavic tribal name slověne meaning "Slavs". This is the name of a country in central Europe. Note that the name of this country is closely related to that of Slovakia.
Somali (Country) Russian, Ukrainian, Georgian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Uzbek, Mongolian
Form of Somalia in various languages.
Sudan (Country) English, Arabic, German, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Finnish, Italian, Russian, Ukrainian, Polish, Slovene, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Romanian, Turkish, Azerbaijani, Indonesian, Malay, Chinese, Thai
From Arabic سود (sūd) meaning "black", referring to the darker skin of the inhabitants. This is the name of a country in Africa. In Arabic it is properly written with the definite article: السودان (al-Sūdān).
Tacikistan (Country) Turkish, Azerbaijani
Turkish and Azerbaijani form of Tajikistan.
Tanzania (Country) Swahili, English, Italian, Spanish, Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Polish, Romanian, Greek, Armenian, Georgian, Indonesian, Malay
From a combination of Tanganyika and Zanzibar, the names of the two countries that were united to create the East African country of Tanzania in 1964.
Turan (Region) Persian, Turkish, Azerbaijani, Arabic
Historical region in central Asia, originally inhabited by nomadic Iranian peoples and traditionally said to mean "land of Tur". It is mentioned frequently in the 10th-century Persian epic the Shahnameh.
Uganda (Country) English, Ganda, Swahili, German, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Finnish, Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Hungarian, Romanian, Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovene, Croatian, Serbian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Turkish, Georgian, Armenian, Hebrew, Persian, Indonesian, Japanese, Korean, Malay
From Buganda, the name of a kingdom within Uganda, which means "land of the Ganda" in the Luganda language. The Ganda are an ethnic group, their name possibly deriving from a Bantu word meaning "family". Uganda is a landlocked country in East Africa.
Ukrayna (Country) Turkish, Azerbaijani
Turkish and Azerbaijani form of Ukraine.
Urartu (Region) Akkadian, Armenian, English
From Akkadian 𒆳𒌨𒌒𒂅 (Urartu), meaning unknown, possibly of Old Armenian origin. This was the name of an ancient kingdom that existed between the 9th and 6th centuries BC in eastern Anatolia (modern Armenia and Turkey).
Urugvai (Country & River) Georgian
Georgian form of Uruguay.
Venesuela (Country) Russian, Ukrainian, Lithuanian, Azerbaijani, Georgian
Russian, Ukrainian, Lithuanian, Azerbaijani and Georgian form of Venezuela.
Yəmən (Country) Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani form of Yemen.
Yevropa (Region) Russian, Ukrainian, Armenian
Russian, Ukrainian and Armenian form of Europe.