Submitted names are contributed by users of this website. The accuracy of these name definitions cannot be guaranteed.
ABAKAN Абакан (Settlement & River) Russian, EnglishDerived from the name
Abakhan which is the name of a mythological Turkish khan (king). His name means "bear's blood" in the Khakas language, and was bestowed to the present-day Abakan River and the city of the same name...
[more] ALMATI Алматы (Settlement) Kazakh, Afrikaans, Arabic, Armenian, Belarusian, Bengali, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Georgian, Hindi, Hungarian, Korean, Latvian, Macedonian, Mongolian, Persian, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Tajik, Urdu, UzbekForm of
ALMATY as well as an alternate transcription of
ALMATY.
ALMATY Алматы (Settlement) Kazakh, Albanian, Belarusian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Swedish, Tagalog, Turkmen, UkrainianMeaning uncertain, possibly from Kazakh алма
(alma) meaning "apple". This is the name of the largest city in
Kazakhstan.
ALTAI Алтай (Political Subdivision & Mountain) English, Mongolian, Russian, Altai, KazakhCombination of Mongolian
алт (alt) meaning "gold" and
тай (tay) meaning "with" (wholly meaning "the mountain with gold"). The Altai Republic is a federal subject north of Mongolia in Russia...
[more] ANADYR Ана́дырь (Political Subdivision) Russian (Archaic)Although the town itself has only been in existence for just over a century, the origins of the name Anadyr are much older. The name initially derives from the Yukaghir word "any-an" meaning "river"
ANDORRA Андорра (Country) Afrikaans, Albanian, Azerbaijani, Basque, Catalan, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, German, Greek, Hungarian, Icelandic, Italian, Luxembourgish, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, UkrainianThe name of the country of Andorra, whose name is possibly derived from a Basque word andurrial (“shrub-covered land”), but it may come from Arabic الدرا (“the forest”) or Spanish andar (“to walk”).
ANKARA Анкара (Settlement) Turkish, Afrikaans, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Maltese, Mongolian, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Turkmen, UkrainianDerived from Ancient Greek ἄγκυρα
(ánkura) meaning "anchor, hook". This is the name of the capital city of
Turkey.
ARUBA Аруба (Political Subdivision & Island) Afrikaans, Azerbaijani, Basque, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Hungarian, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, UkrainianAn island in the Caribbean Sea that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
ASTANA Астана (Settlement) Kazakh, Afrikaans, Albanian, Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Greek, Indian, Hindi, Indonesian, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Filipino, Tagalog, Turkish, Ukrainian, UzbekMeans "capital city" in Kazakh, ultimately from Persian آستانه
(astaneh). This was the name of the capital city of Kazakhstan until 2019, when it was renamed
Nur-Sultan.
AYAN Аян (Political Subdivision) Russiannotable persons
BAIKAL Байкал (Body of Water) Russian, EnglishDerived from Mongolian
Байгал нуур (Baygal nuur) meaning "nature lake"; from Mongolian
байгалө (baigalö) "nature" and
нуур (nuur) "lake". Lake Baikal is a rift lake in
SIBERIA of
RUSSIA and the largest freshwater lake in the world.
BAKU Баку (Settlement) Albanian, Arabic, Armenian, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Danish, English, Finnish, German, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Maltese, Mongolian, Nepali, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Tagalog, Thai, Turkmen, Ukrainian, Urdu, UyghurFrom Azerbaijani
Bakı from Persian باکو
(baku), which is of uncertain meaning. One popular etymology suggests that it means "wind-pounded city" from Persian باد
(bad) meaning "wind" and کوبیدن
(kubidan) meaning "to pound, to beat" (given in reference to the area's storms and high winds)...
[more] BALI Бали (Political Subdivision & Island) Indonesian, Balinese, Acehnese, Javanese, Malay, Minangkabau, Sundanese, Albanian, Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Italian, Kazakh, Latvian, Macedonian, Mongolian, Nepali, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, UzbekDerived from Sanskrit बलि
(bali) meaning "offering, tribute". This is the name of an island and province in Indonesia.
BANDUNG Бандунг (Settlement) Indonesian, Sundanese, Acehnese, Balinese, Banjar, Malay, Minangkabau, Albanian, Armenian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Kazakh, Korean, Kyrgyz, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Thai, Turkish, Urdu, UzbekFrom Indonesian
bendung or
bendungan meaning "dam, dike", used to refer to the area in relation to the nearby Citarum River. Local sources also relate the name to the phrase
Nga-Bandung-an Banda Indung, which is considered sacred in Sundanese culture...
[more] BANGKOK Бангкок (Settlement) Thai, Afrikaans, Armenian, Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Korean, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Lao, Macedonian, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, Turkish, UzbekBelieved to be derived from Thai บาง
(bang) meaning "community, village, settlement" and กอก
(kok) meaning "olive", possibly used in reference to the olive trees that grew around the area...
[more] BANGLADESH Бангладеш (Country) Bengali, Armenian, Basque, Breton, Bulgarian, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Hebrew, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Swahili, Swedish, UzbekFrom Bengali বাংলাদেশ
(Bangladeś) meaning "land of the Bengalis", from the name of the Bengali people and Sanskrit देश
(deśá) meaning "country, kingdom, land, state"...
[more] BANTEN Бантен (Political Subdivision) Indonesian, Sundanese, Acehnese, Balinese, Javanese, Malay, Minangkabau, Afrikaans, Albanian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Mongolian, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Swedish, Turkish, UkrainianMeaning uncertain. It may be derived from the Sundanese and Bantenese phrase
katiban inten meaning "struck down by diamonds", which was used to describe the spead of Islam in the region in the 15th century...
[more] BARI Бари (Settlement) Italian, English, Armenian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Greek, Hungarian, Maltese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Sicilian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, TurkishFrom Latin
Barium, itself of uncertain origin, possibly from Messapic
*baur or
*bur, meaning "house", ultimately from Proto-Indo-European
*bhreu ("to grow, to be"). This is the name of the capital city of
Apulia, in southern Italy.
BASHKORTOSTAN Башкортостан (Political Subdivision) Abkhaz, Bulgarian, Buryat, English, Hebrew, Indonesian, Komi, Macedonian, Malay, Mongolian, Ossetian, Russian, Tatar, Ukrainian, YakutFrom Bashkir Башҡортостан
(Bashqortostan), which is from башҡорт
(bashqort), the name of the people, combined with the Persian suffix -ستان
(-stan) meaning "land of"...
[more] BISHKEK Бишкек (Settlement) Kyrgyz, Armenian, Belarusian, Bengali, Bulgarian, English, Hindi, Indonesian, Kazakh, Macedonian, Malay, Mongolian, Persian, Russian, Tajik, Ukrainian, Uyghur, UzbekMeaning uncertain. One theory suggests that it comes from a word meaning "whorl, whisk" in Kyrgyz, referring to a tool used to prepare kumis (a traditional dairy product). It could also mean "five heights" from Kyrgyz беш
(besh) meaning "five" and бийик
(biyik) meaning "tall, high", or it could mean "five chiefs" from беш
(besh) meaning "five" and the Turkish title
beg meaning "chieftain, master"...
[more] BLAGOVESHCHENSK Благовещенск (Political Subdivision) Russianliterally 'the city of The Annunciation (of The Lord to The Blessed Virgin Mary)'
BODAYBO Бодайбо (Political Subdivision) Russianpossibly named after the Celtic queen "Boadicea" or "Boadacaea"
BOGOR Богор (Settlement) Indonesian, Sundanese, Javanese, Malay, Minangkabau, Afrikaans, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, UzbekMeans "sugar palm" (a type of tree) in Indonesian. This is the name of a city in West Java province, Indonesia.
BOTSVANA Ботсвана (Country) Albanian, Azerbaijani, Bulgarian, Georgian, Icelandic, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Lithuanian, Mongolian, Russian, Tajik, Turkish, Ukrainian, UzbekForm of
BOTSWANA.
BRUNEI Бруней (Country) Malay, Albanian, Basque, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Luxembourgish, Mongolian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, Turkish, UkrainianProbably derived from the name of the island of Borneo, which in turn is most likely from Sanskrit वरुण
(váruṇa) meaning "ocean, water". A local legend suggests that the name may be derived from the phrase
baru nah meaning "there!" or "that's it!", which was supposedly declared by Muhammad Shah, Brunei's first sultan...
[more] BULUNKSY Булу́нский (Region) RussianI don't know if it's the actual etymology or if it just 'looks similar,' but a search for 'etymology of bulunsky' turns up a lot of results about "Blue Sky"
BURUNDI Бурунди (Country) Afrikaans, Albanian, Azerbaijani, Basque, Bosnian, Breton, Bulgarian, Burmese, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Faroese, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Malay, Maltese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swahili, Swedish, Tagalog, Turkish, UkrainianThe name of the Country in East Africa. Burundi, officially the Republic of Burundi, is a landlocked country in the African Great Lakes region of East Africa, bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west.
BUTAN Бутан (Country) Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Burmese, Croatian, Dhivehi, Japanese, Kazakh, Korean, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Maltese, Mongolian, Persian, Russian, Slovene, Turkmen, Ukrainian, UyghurForm of
BHUTAN.
CHECHNYA Чечня (Political Subdivision) Russian, English, Indonesian, Malay, TagalogMeans "(place) of the Chechens", derived from the Russian name for the Chechen people. The exonym is of uncertain meaning, with Russian folk etymologies suggesting that it originates from the name of a village; on the other hand, it may be derived from the Kabardian name Шашан
(Shashan)...
[more] CHENNAI Ченнаи (Settlement) Indian, Tamil, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu, Afrikaans, Bosnian, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Kyrgyz, Malay, Mongolian, Nepali, Norwegian, Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Filipino, Tagalog, Tajik, Thai, TurkishMost likely from the name of 17th-century Telugu monarch Damarla Chennapa Nayaka (or Chennappa Naicker). This is the name of the capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, which was officially called
Madras until 1996.
CHILI Чили (Country) Afrikaans, Bulgarian, Dutch, French, Greek, Indonesian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Mongolian, Russian, Tajik, Thai, UzbekForm of
CHILE.
CHITA Чита (Political Subdivision) Russian"birch mat" or "clay" or "dirt (on the shore), slate, coal" or "blue" or "black earth (coal slate), coal" or "dwelling" or "upper reaches" or possibly
the short form of a
diminutive of a
diminutive of a name that means "conception" (possibly referring to "The Immaculate Conception")
CHUKOTKA Чукотка (Political Subdivision) Russian, EnglishDerived from the Russian name
Чукчи (Chukchi), referring to the native people who originally inhabited the area. The word
Chukchi is derived from Chukchi
Chauchu meaning "rich in reindeer", used by the Reindeer Chukchi people to distinguish themselves from the Maritime Chukchi (the
Anqallyt meaning "sea people")...
[more] DAGESTAN Дагестан (Political Subdivision) Russian, Afrikaans, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, German, Icelandic, Indonesian, Macedonian, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Polish, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, TagalogDerived from Turkish
dağ meaning "mountain" and the Persian suffix -ستان
(-stan) meaning "land of". This is the name of a federal subject of
Russia.
DAKKA Дакка (Settlement) Armenian, Hungarian, Icelandic, Japanese, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Mongolian, Russian, Turkish, Turkmen, Ukrainian, Uyghur, UzbekForm of
DHAKA.
DELI Дели (Settlement) Armenian, Belarusian, Chinese, Georgian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Mongolian, Portuguese, Russian, Thai, Turkmen, UkrainianForm of
DELHI.
DENPASAR Денпасар (Settlement) Indonesian, Acehnese, Javanese, Minangkabau, Afrikaans, Albanian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Czech, Dutch, Danish, English, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Turkish, UkrainianFrom Balinese ᬤᬾᬦ᭄ᬧᬲᬃ
(dénpasar) derived from
den meaning "north" and
pasar meaning "market". This is the name of a city in Indonesia and the capital of
Bali.
DOMINIKA Доминика (Country & Island) Albanian, Azerbaijani, Basque, Bengali, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Georgian, Greek, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Japanese, Kazakh, Korean, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Mongolian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Tajik, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, UzbekForm of
DOMINICA.
DORTMUND Дортмунд (Settlement) English, Basque, Belarusian, Breton, Catalan, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, Frisian, German, Greek, Greenlandic, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Malay, Norwegian, Occitan, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, WelshFirst mentioned in the 9th century AD as
Throtmanni, of uncertain origin and meaning, the form
Dortmunde first appeared in the 13th century. This is the name of a city in western Germany.
DUDINKA Дуди́нка (Settlement) Russian"Mulberry Tree" + "Feminine"
noun DUSHANBE Душанбе (Settlement) Tajik, Armenian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, English, Georgian, Indian, Hindi, Indonesian, Japanese, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Malay, Mongolian, Russian, Filipino, Tagalog, Ukrainian, UzbekMean "Monday" in Tajik, so named for a popular market that used to be held in the area on Mondays. This is the name of the capital city of
Tajikistan.
EKVADOR Эквадор (Country) Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Icelandic, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Mongolian, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Turkish, Ukrainian, UzbekForm of
ECUADOR.
EREVAN Ереван (Settlement) Armenian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, French, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Mongolian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovene, Tajik, UkrainianAlternate transcription of
YEREVAN as well as the form used in various languages.
ESVATINI Эсватини (Country) Azerbaijani, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Georgian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Mongolian, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Turkish, UkrainianForm of
ESWATINI.
EVROPA Европа (Region) Abkhaz, Albanian, Armenian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Czech, Faroese, Georgian, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Russian, Serbian, SloveneForm of
Europa (see
EUROPE) used in various languages as well as an Armenian and Russian alternate transcription of
YEVROPA.
FLORIDA Флорида (Political Subdivision) Spanish, English, Afrikaans, Albanian, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kurdish, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, Thai, Turkish, UzbekMeans "flowery, ornate" in Spanish, a short form of either
la Florida meaning "the flowery one" or
Pascua Florida meaning "flowery Easter" (a Spanish name for Palm Sunday, so named because the region was discovered by Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León on that day in 1513)...
[more] GABON Габон (Country) Basque, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Macedonian, Malay, Maltese, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, TurkishDerived from Portuguese
gabão meaning "cloak, overcoat", used to refer to the shape of the estuary of the Komo River by Libreville. This is the name of a country in Central Africa along the Atlantic coast.
GRENADA Гренада (Country) Afrikaans, Albanian, Armenian, Basque, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, Georgian, German, Greek, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Maltese, Mongolian, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, Turkish, UzbekProbably from
Granada, the name of a city in Andalusia, Spain, which is derived from Arabic غَرْنَاطَة
(ḡarnāṭa) possibly meaning "hill of strangers". This is the name of an island country in the Caribbean.
GROZNY Грозный (Settlement) Russian, Dutch, English, French, Indonesian, Kazakh, Malay, Mongolian, Polish, TagalogMeans "formidable, menacing, fearsome" in Russian. This is the name of the capital city of
Chechnya.
GUAM Гуам (Political Subdivision & Island) Afrikaans, Basque, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, TurkishThe name of the Territory. Guam is a U.S. island territory in Micronesia, in the Western Pacific. It's distinguished by tropical beaches, Chamorro villages and ancient latte-stone pillars. Guam’s WWII significance is on view at the War in the Pacific National Historical Park, whose sites include Asan Beach, a former battlefield...
[more] GVATEMALA Гватемала (Country) Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Georgian, Icelandic, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Russian, Serbian, Tajik, UzbekForm of
GUATEMALA.
ILIM Илим (River) Russian, ArabicI couldn't find the meaning of the river's name, but Wiktionary (without mentioning the river) says it's a
Turkish word with an
Arabic root that means "Knowledge, Science"
ISLAMABAD Исламабад (Settlement) Afrikaans, Armenian, Belarusian, Bengali, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hindi, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Ukrainian, UyghurFrom Urdu اسلام آباد
(Islām ābād) meaning "city of Islam" from the name of the religion of Islam and Urdu آباد
(ābād) meaning "inhabited place, city". This is the name of the capital city of Pakistan.
KABUL Кабул (Settlement) Arabic, Armenian, Belarusian, Bengali, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, German, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Korean, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, UkrainianFrom Pashto کابل
(Kabal) which may have been derived from
Kambuja or
Kamboja, the name of an ancient Indo-Iranian tribe and kingdom. The name is of uncertain meaning, possibly from Sanskrit काम
(kama) meaning "love, desire" and भुज्
(bhuj) meaning "use, possess, rule"...
[more] KALIMANTAN Калимантан (Political Subdivision, Island & Region) Indonesian, Acehnese, Balinese, Banjar, Buginese, Javanese, Malay, Minangkabau, Sundanese, Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Czech, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hindi, Icelandic, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, Thai, Turkish, Turkmen, Ukrainian, UzbekMeans "burning weather (island)" from Sanskrit काल
(kālá) meaning "time, season" and क्वथन
(kvathana) meaning "boiling, churning". This is the name of the Indonesian portion of the island of
Borneo, though it is used to refer to the entire island in Indonesian...
[more] KAMERUN Камерун (Country) Armenian, Azerbaijani, Basque, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Indonesian, Japanese, Kazakh, Korean, Kyrgyz, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Maltese, Mongolian, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Tajik, Turkish, Turkmen, Ukrainian, UzbekForm of
CAMEROON.
KARAGANDA Караганда (Settlement) Afrikaans, Albanian, Armenian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, Indonesian, Italian, Lithuanian, Norwegian, Polish, RussianFrom Kazakh Қарағанды
(Qaraghandy), which is derived from қараған
(qaraghan) meaning "caragana (a type of flower)". This is the name of a city in
Kazakhstan.
KARAKALPAKSTAN Каракалпакстан (Political Subdivision) Belarusian, Bulgarian, English, Indonesian, Italian, Kyrgyz, Norwegian, Romanian, Russian, Swedish, Tatar, UkrainianFrom Karakalpak Қарақалпақстан
(Qaraqalpaqstan), a combination of the name of the Karakalpak people and the Persian suffix -ستان
(-stan) meaning "land of". The ethnic name is derived from Karakalpak қара
(qara) meaning "black" and қалпақ
(qalpaq) referring to a high-crowned cap worn in Central Asia...
[more] KASABLANKA Касабланка (Settlement) Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bengali, Georgian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Lithuanian, Russian, Ukrainian, UzbekForm of
CASABLANCA.
KATAR Катар (Country) Afrikaans, Armenian, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Estonian, German, Greek, Hungarian, Icelandic, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Mongolian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Sinhalese, Slovak, Slovene, Turkish, Turkmen, UkrainianForm of
QATAR.
KATMANDU Катманду (Settlement) Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Danish, Estonian, Georgian, Hungarian, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Mongolian, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, UzbekForm of
KATHMANDU.
KAVKAZ Кавказ (Region) Avar, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Chechen, Chuvash, Croatian, Czech, Ingush, Karachay-Balkar, Kazakh, Lezgin, Macedonian, Ossetian, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Tatar, Ukrainian, UzbekForm of
CAUCASUS.
KAZAN Казань (Settlement) Tatar, Afrikaans, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Buryat, Chechen, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, Hindi, Indonesian, Ingush, Japanese, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Lezgin, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Persian, Romanian, Russian, Slovene, Swedish, Tagalog, Turkish, Turkmen, Ukrainian, YakutProbably from Turkic
qazan meaning "kettle, cauldron". This is the name of the capital city of
Tatarstan.
KAZBEK Казбек (Mountain) Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bashkir, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tajik, Turkish, Ukrainian, UzbekFrom Russian Казбек
(Kazbek) which is from Arabic قَاضِي
(qāḍī) meaning "judge, arbiter" combined with the Turkish military title
beg meaning "chieftain, master"...
[more] KELANTAN Келантан (Political Subdivision) Malay, Indonesian, Acehnese, Banjar, Javanese, Azerbaijani, Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Macedonian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, UkrainianMeaning uncertain, possibly from Malay
gelam hutam meaning "cajeput" (a type of tree),
kilatan meaning "lightning, flash" or
kolam tanah meaning "dirt pool". Alternatively, it may be from Tamil கோலம்
(kolam), which is another name for rangoli, an art form from the Indian subcontinent consisting of stylised designs made of powder...
[more] KHABAROVSK Хаба́ровск (Political Subdivision) RussianThe Russians founded the military outpost of Khabarovka (Хаба́ровка), named after
Yerofey Khabarov. The post later became an important industrial center for the region...
[more] KIEV (Settlement) Ukrainian, Russian, Bulgarian, German, EnglishThe name Kiev comes from a medieval legend about the founding of the city told by a Chronicler of Rus-Ukraine. It was three brothers, Kie, Shchek and Khoriv, and their sister Lebid, who were the founders.
KOLOMBO Коломбо (Settlement) Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bulgarian, Czech, Georgian, Indonesian, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Macedonian, Mongolian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Tajik, Turkish, UkrainianForm of
COLOMBO.
KOMI Коми (Political Subdivision) Komi, Russian, Afrikaans, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Kazakh, Korean, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Macedonian, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Turkish, Ukrainian, UzbekFrom the name of the Komi people, which is most likely derived from the Finno-Ugric word
kojema meaning "man, human", but also possibly from the name of the
Kama River...
[more] KOMODO Комодо (Settlement & Island) Indonesian, Banjar, Javanese, Minangkabau, Sundanese, Malay, Azerbaijani, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Lithuanian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Spanish, Swedish, Thai, UkrainianMeaning uncertain, possibly from the name of a local ethnic group. This is the name of an island and village in eastern Indonesia.
KORSIKA Корсика (Political Subdivision & Island) Afrikaans, Albanian, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Basque, Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Estonian, Finnish, Georgian, German, Indonesian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Lithuanian, Luxembourgish, Mongolian, Norwegian, Russian, Swedish, Turkish, UzbekForm of
CORSICA.
KOSOVO Косово (Country) Afrikaans, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Indonesian, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Malay, Norwegian, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, UkrainianFrom Albanian
Kosova or
Kosovë, which is derived from Serbian кос
(kos) meaning "blackbird", an ellipsis of Косово Поље
(Kosovo Polje) meaning "blackbird field"...
[more] KRABI Краби (Political Subdivision & Settlement) Thai, Arabic, Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Malay, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Tajik, Turkish, UrduMeans "sword" in Thai. This is the name of a province and city in southern Thailand.
KUBA Куба (Country & Island) Afrikaans, Albanian, Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Georgian, German, Hungarian, Indonesian, Kazakh, Korean, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Lithuanian, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Maltese, Mongolian, Persian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Tajik, Turkmen, Ukrainian, Uyghur, UzbekForm of
CUBA.
KUCHING Кучинг (Settlement) Malay, Indonesian, Banjar, Armenian, Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Indian, Hindi, Hungarian, Italian, Korean, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, Urdu, UzbekProbably either derived from Malay
kucing meaning "cat" or from
Cochin (or Kochi), the name of a city in India. Other theories suggest that the name comes from Malay
mata kucing, the name of a type of fruit, or from Chinese 古
(gǔ) meaning "old, ancient" combined with 井
(jǐng) meaning "well, pit"...
[more] KYZYL Кызыл (Political Subdivision) Russian"Red" or "Crimson"
LAGOS Лагос (Political Subdivision & Settlement) Western African, Hausa, Igbo, Afrikaans, Albanian, Armenian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, Turkish, Turkmen, UzbekFrom Portuguese
lagos meaning "lakes". This is the name of a city in Nigeria as well as a state of the same name.
LAMPUNG Лампунг (Political Subdivision) Indonesian, Acehnese, Balinese, Javanese, Malay, Minangkabau, Sundanese, Albanian, Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Spanish, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, UrduFrom the name of a 7th-century kingdom, Tolang Pohwang, which was derived from Lampungese
to meaning "people" and
Lang Pohwang, an old name for Lampung of uncertain origin. This is the name of an Indonesian province in southern Sumatra.
LANAO Ланао (Political Subdivision & Body of Water) Filipino, Cebuano, Tagalog, Ilocano, Pampangan, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian, Macedonian, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, UkrainianFrom Maranao
ranaw meaning "lake, body of water". This is the name of a lake and two provinces in the southern Philippines.
LESOTO Лесото (Country) Albanian, Azerbaijani, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Georgian, Greek, Latvian, Macedonian, Maltese, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Spanish, UkrainianForm of
LESOTHO.
LISSABON Лиссабон (Settlement) Afrikaans, Azerbaijani, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Icelandic, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Luxembourgish, Mongolian, Russian, Swedish, Tajik, Turkmen, UzbekForm of
LISBON.
LIVORNO Ливорно (Settlement) Italian, English, Bulgarian, Czech, Dutch, Esperanto, Finnish, German, Greek, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, UkrainianFrom Old Italian
Ligorno, itself from Latin
Liburnus, derived from the tribe of the Liburnians (in Latin
Liburni). This is the name of a port city in north-central Italy.
MADAGASKAR Мадагаскар (Country & Island) Afrikaans, Armenian, Bengali, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Icelandic, Indonesian, Kazakh, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Somali, Swedish, Tajik, Turkish, Turkmen, Uyghur, UzbekForm of
MADAGASCAR.
MADRID Мадрид (Political Subdivision & Settlement) Spanish, Afrikaans, Arabic, Armenian, Asturian, Azerbaijani, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Galician, German, Hebrew, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Malay, Maltese, Mongolian, Norwegian, Persian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, Turkish, Turkmen, UzbekFrom the older name
Magerit, which is of uncertain meaning and origin. It may be derived from Arabic اَلْمَجْرِيط
(al-majrīṭ) meaning "source of water", from Latin
matrix meaning "mother, source, origin (of rivers)", or from Celtic
mageto ritu meaning "great bridge"...
[more] MAKAO Макао (Political Subdivision & Settlement) Albanian, Azerbaijani, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Georgian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Russian, Serbian, Turkish, UkrainianForm of
Macau.
MAKASAR Макасар (Settlement) Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Greek, Persian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian, UrduForm of
MAKASSAR.
MAKHACHKALA Махачкала (Settlement) Russian, Armenian, Belarusian, English, Indonesian, Kyrgyz, Mongolian, Ossetian, Tagalog, Tatar, Ukrainian, UrduMeans "Makhach's fortress", from the given name
MAKHACH and Kumyk къала
(qala) meaning "fortress". This is the name of the capital city of Dagestan, named in honour of Magomed-Ali "Makhach" Dadaev (1882-1918), a Dagestani revolutionary.
MALAKKA Малакка (Country, Political Subdivision, Settlement & Body of Water) Afrikaans, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Czech, Dutch, Finnish, German, Greek, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Luxembourgish, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, Turkish, UkrainianForm of
MALACCA.
MALAVI Малави (Country) Albanian, Azerbaijani, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Georgian, Macedonian, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Turkish, UkrainianForm of
MALAWI.
MALI Мали (Country) Afrikaans, Albanian, Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Basque, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Burmese, Catalan, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Lao, Latvian, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Sinhalese, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, Tatar, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, UzbekFrom the name of the Mali Empire, which was derived from Mandinka or Bambara
mali meaning "hippopotamus" or "the place where the king lives". This is the name of a landlocked country in West Africa.
MALTA Мальта (Country & Island) Maltese, Afrikaans, Albanian, Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Basque, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, Georgian, German, Greek, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Kurdish, Latvian, Lithuanian, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tajik, Turkish, Turkmen, Ukrainian, UzbekUncertain, possibly derived from Greek μέλι
(meli) meaning "honey". This is the name of an island nation in southern Europe.
MANAMA Манама (Settlement) Arabic, Afrikaans, Albanian, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bengali, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Greek, Hungarian, Icelandic, Italian, Japanese, Kazakh, Korean, Kyrgyz, Malay, Maltese, Mongolian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Thai, Tibetan, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, UzbekMeans "place of sleep, place of rest" in Arabic. This is the name of the capital city of Bahrain, usually written with the definite article: المنامة
(al-Manama) in Arabic.
MANDALAY Мандалай (Political Subdivision & Settlement) Afrikaans, Albanian, Arabic, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, Ukrainian, UzbekFrom Burmese မန္တလေး
(mandale) of unclear origin, possibly from Sanskrit मण्डल
(mandala) meaning "circle, disk". This is the name of an administrative division of Myanmar as well as its regional capital.
MANILA Манила (Settlement) Filipino, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Maranao, Albanian, Arabic, Armenian, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Burmese, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Danish, English, Estonian, Finnish, Georgian, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Mongolian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Tajik, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, UzbekFrom Tagalog
Maynila derived from the term
may-nilà meaning "where indigo is found", ultimately from Sanskrit नील
(nī́la) referring to the indigo plant. This is the name of the capital city of the
Philippines.
MAYKOP Майкоп (Settlement) Russian, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bulgarian, English, Indonesian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Malay, Mongolian, Tagalog, Turkish, Ukrainian, UzbekFrom Adyghe Мыекъуапэ
(Məeq°āpă) meaning "cape of apples", from мые
(məe) meaning "apple" and къуапэ
(q°āpă) meaning "cape, gorge, height". This is the name of the capital of
Adygea.
MEDAN Медан (Settlement) Indonesian, Batak, Banjar, Minangkabau, Malay, Afrikaans, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Indian, Hindi, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Kyrgyz, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Swedish, Tagalog, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, UzbekPossibly from Tamil மைதானம்
(maidhāṉam) meaning "ground, field". This is the name of the capital city of the Indonesian province of North Sumatra.
MEKKA Мекка (Settlement) Afrikaans, Armenian, Belarusian, Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, German, Greek, Hungarian, Icelandic, Japanese, Luxembourgish, Maltese, Mongolian, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, Slovak, UkrainianForm of
MECCA.
MEKSIKA (Country) Albanian, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Georgian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Lithuanian, Russian, Tajik, Turkish, Turkmen, UzbekForm of
MEXICO (the country).
MERAPI Мерапи (Mountain) Indonesian, Javanese, Balinese, Banjar, Minangkabau, Sundanese, Malay, Albanian, Armenian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Greek, Indian, Hindi, Hungarian, Italian, Kazakh, Macedonian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, UkrainianFrom Sanskrit मेरु
(Meru), the name of a legendary mountain in Buddhist and Hindu mythology, combined with Indonesian
api meaning "fire". This is the name of a volcano on the island of Java in Indonesia.
MINDANAO Минданао (Island) Filipino, Cebuano, Ilocano, Pampangan, Tagalog, Afrikaans, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Kazakh, Korean, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, UzbekFrom a Spanish corruption of
Magindanaw, the endonym of the Maguindanao people. The ethnic name means "people of the flood plains" or "people of the lake" from Maguindanao
danao meaning "lake"...
[more] MINSK Минск (Settlement) Belarusian, Afrikaans, Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Indian, Hindi, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Malay, Maltese, Mongolian, Norwegian, Persian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tajik, Turkish, Turkmen, Ukrainian, Urdu, UzbekFrom Old East Slavic Мѣньскъ
(Měnĭskŭ), which was derived from a river named Men. This is the name of the capital city of Belarus.
MODENA Модена (Settlement) Italian, English, Afrikaans, Albanian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Cebuano, Croatian, Czech, Dutch, Finnish, Georgian, German, Greek, Hungarian, Japanese, Kazakh, Korean, Malay, Neapolitan, Norwegian, Occitan, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Sardinian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swahili, Swedish, Turkish, Ukrainian, Venetian, VietnameseFrom Latin
MUTINA, itself from Etruscan
Mutna, of uncertain meaning. This is the name of a city in northern Italy.
MONAKO Монако (Country & Settlement) Albanian, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bengali, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Burmese, Croatian, Czech, Georgian, Greek, Hindi, Indonesian, Japanese, Kazakh, Korean, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Lao, Latvian, Macedonian, Maltese, Mongolian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Tajik, Thai, Turkish, Turkmen, Ukrainian, Uyghur, UzbekForm of
MONACO.
MOSKVA Москва (Settlement & River) RussianOriginal Russian form of
MOSCOW, which refers to the city as well as the Moskva River.
MOZAMBIK Мозамбик (Country) Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Mongolian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Tajik, Turkish, Turkmen, Ukrainian, UzbekForm of
MOZAMBIQUE.
NAMIBIYA Намибия (Country) Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bengali, Bulgarian, Chinese, Indian, Hindi, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Persian, Russian, Tajik, Ukrainian, UzbekForm of
NAMIBIA.
NAZRAN Назрань (Settlement) Russian, Arabic, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Greek, Norwegian, Ossetian, Portuguese, Persian, Romanian, Swedish, Tagalog, Tatar, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, UzbekFrom Ingush Наьсаре
(Nasare) possibly from Нясара
(Nyasara), supposedly the name of the first person to settle in the region. This is the name of a town in Ingushetia that served as the republic's capital until 2000.
NEAPOL Неаполь (Settlement) Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bulgarian, Czech, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Polish, Russian, Slovak, Tajik, Ukrainian, UzbekForm of
NAPLES.
NEFTEKAMSK Нефтекамск (Settlement) Russian, EnglishDerived from Russian
нефть (neft') meaning "oil, petroleum" and the name of the
Kama River. Neftekamsk is a city in Russia and the Republic of Bashkortostan.
NERIUNGRI Нерюнгри (Political Subdivision) Russiancomes from the Evenk word for "grayling" (species of freshwater-fish in the family of salmon) ... the second largest town in the Sakha Republic, Russia and the administrative center of Neryungrinsky District
NIKARAGUA Никарагуа (Country) Albanian, Armenian, Basque, Bulgarian, Czech, Georgian, Hindi, Indonesian, Japanese, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Mongolian, Polish, Russian, Slovak, Tajik, Turkish, Turkmen, UzbekForm of
NICARAGUA.
NOVAYA ZEMLYA Новая Земля (Island) Russian, English, Indonesian, MalayMeans "new land" from Russian новая
(novaya) meaning "new" and земля
(zemlya) meaning "land, soil, earth". This is the name of an Arctic archipelago in northern Russia.
NUR-SULTAN Нур-Султан (Settlement) Kazakh, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bosnian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, German, Hindi, Italian, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Mongolian, Norwegian, Romanian, Russian, Swedish, Tagalog, Turkish, UkrainianFrom the given name
NURSULTAN. This is the name of the capital city of
Kazakhstan, renamed in honour of former president Nursultan Nazarbayev (1940-)...
[more] OKHOTSK Охотск (Political Subdivision) Russianfrom an
Even word окат (okat) meaning "river"
OLENYOK Оленёк (Political Subdivision) Russian"Agents" (or agent-noun, i.e. "Workers" LoL) of "Oil"
OMAN Оман (Country) Afrikaans, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Basque, Bengali, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Burmese, Catalan, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Kazakh, Korean, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Malay, Maltese, Mongolian, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish, Tagalog, Thai, Turkmen, Ukrainian, UyghurFrom Arabic عمان
(ʿUmān), which is of disputed etymology. It may be from Arabic عُمَانَة
(ʿumāna), a byname for the historical city of Sohar (presently located in Al Batinah North Governorate, Oman), which is probably derived from the root ع م ن
(ʿ-m-n) meaning "to settle, to remain, to dwell"...
[more] ORAN Оран (Settlement) Afrikaans, Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Indonesian, Japanese, Kazakh, Korean, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Mongolian, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Swedish, Ukrainian, UzbekFrom Arabic وَهران
(Wahrān) which is ultimately from the Berber root
hr meaning "lion". This is the name of a city in Algeria.
OSETIYA Осетия (Region) Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian, Persian, Azerbaijani, KoreanBulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian, Persian, Azerbaijani, and Korean form of
OSSETIA.
OYMYAKON Оймяко́н (Political Subdivision) Russiannamed after the
Oymyakon River, whose name reportedly comes from the
Even word kheium, meaning "unfrozen patch of water; place where fish spend the winter" ... or the
Even word heyum (hэjум) (kheium being a possible misspelling) means "frozen lake"
PADANG Паданг (Settlement) Indonesian, Minangkabau, Acehnese, Balinese, Javanese, Malay, Sundanese, Afrikaans, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Korean, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, Urdu, UzbekMeans "field, plain" in Indonesian. This is the name of the capital city of the Indonesian province of West Sumatra.
PALANA Пала́на (Settlement & Body of Water) Russian"having a Waterfall"
PALEMBANG Палембанг (Settlement) Indonesian, Malay, Javanese, Minangkabau, Afrikaans, Albanian, Armenian, Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Indian, Hindi, Hungarian, Icelandic, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Spanish, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, UzbekMeaning unclear, possibly from the prefix
pa- denoting location combined with Malay
limbang meaning "to pan gold, to wash rice" or
lembang meaning "to cause (water) to flow" or "lowland basin, valley" (a reference to the area's geography as a wetland)...
[more] PALERMO Палермо (Settlement) Italian, English, Dutch, Esperanto, Georgian, German, Greek, Maltese, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, TurkishFrom Latin
Panormus, itself from Ancient Greek Πάνορμος (
Pánormos), composed of the words πᾰν (
pan, "all") and ὅρμος (
hórmos, "port"), influenced by Arabic بَلَرْم (
balarm)...
[more] PALESTINA Палестина (Country & Region) Afrikaans, Albanian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Dutch, Indonesian, Italian, Macedonian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, TagalogForm of
PALESTINE.
PANAMA Панама (Country) Afrikaans, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Basque, Belarusian, Bengali, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Burmese, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Hindi, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Japanese, Kazakh, Khmer, Korean, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Lao, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Maltese, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, UzbekFrom Spanish
Panamá of uncertain meaning. It may be derived from the name of a tree commonly found in the area (genus Sterculia), from an indigenous word meaning "many butterflies", from Kuna
bannaba meaning "distant, far away", or from a Guaraní word meaning "place of many fish"...
[more] PARIAMAN Париаман (Settlement) Indonesian, Minangkabau, Javanese, Malay, Dutch, English, French, Italian, Polish, Russian, Swedish, Turkish, UrduFrom Arabic بر أمان
(barr 'aman) meaning "safe land, secure land". This is the name of a town in West Sumatra province, Indonesia.
PATTANI Паттани (Political Subdivision & Settlement) Thai, Malay, Azerbaijani, Dutch, English, Finnish, German, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Tajik, TurkishMost likely from Pattani Malay
patani meaning "this beach" (compare standard Malay
pantai ini). Alternately, it may have come from a Sanskrit word meaning "virgin nymph" or from Malay
petani meaning "farmer"...
[more] PAVLODAR Павлодар (Settlement) Kazakh, Russian, EnglishDerived from the name of Pavel Alexandrovich, a former Grand Duke of Russia. The city was originally named
Koryakovsky before Pavel's birth. Pavlodar is a northeastern city in Kazakhstan.
PERAK Перак (Political Subdivision) Malay, Indonesian, Acehnese, Banjar, Minangkabau, Azerbaijani, Bulgarian, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hindi, Hungarian, Italian, Macedonian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Tamil, Thai, Turkish, UkrainianMeans "silver" in Malay, named in reference to the region's position as one of the world's largest sources of tin. This is the name of a state of Malaysia.
PERLIS Перлис (Political Subdivision) Malay, Indonesian, Acehnese, Banjar, Azerbaijani, Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Macedonian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, UkrainianOf unclear origin, possibly from the Thai phrase พร้าวลอย
(práao loi) meaning "floating coconut" or "coconut washed ashore", a reference to the many coconuts once found along the shores of the region...
[more] PETROGRAD Петроград (Political Subdivision & Region) RussianThe name of
SAINT PETERSBURG during 1914 to 1924. Saint Petersburg's name was changed to this to avoid German connotations, as
burg is a common German suffix meaning "fortress, fortification, castle" and
sankt meaning saint...
[more] PEVEK Певе́к (Political Subdivision) Russianeither "Swollen-" or "Smelly Mountain"
PLOVDIV Пловдив (Settlement) Bulgarian, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Malay, Maltese, Mongolian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, UzbekFrom a Thracian translation of the Latin name
Pulpudeva, which is possibly derived from the given name
PHILLIP and Dacian
dava meaning "city, town, fortress"...
[more] RABAT Рабат (Settlement) Arabic, Afrikaans, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bosnian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hebrew, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, Thai, Turkish, UkrainianMeans "ribat" in Arabic, referring to a type of fortification used during the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb. It is also used as a shortened form of the city's Arabic nickname, رباط الفتح
(ribatu l-fath), which means "fortification of conquest, fortification of victory"...
[more] RIGA Рига (Settlement) Afrikaans, Albanian, Armenian, Bengali, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Faroese, French, Georgian, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Kazakh, Korean, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Malay, Maltese, Mongolian, Norwegian, Persian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, Turkish, Turkmen, Urdu, Uyghur, UzbekFrom Latvian
Rīga, origin disputed. It may be derived from Livonian
ringa meaning "loop", referring to an ancient harbor formed by the tributary loop of the Daugava river, from
Riege, the German name of the Rīdzene (a tributary of the Daugava), or from Latvian
rija meaning "threshing barn"...
[more] RUANDA Руанда (Country) Albanian, Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Croatian, English (Archaic), Finnish, Georgian, German, Hungarian, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Latvian, Lithuanian, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Mongolian, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Spanish, Tajik, Turkish, Turkmen, Ukrainian, UzbekForm of
RWANDA.
SAKHA Саха (Political Subdivision) Yakut, Russian, Arabic, Armenian, Belarusian, Danish, English, French, Georgian, Hindi, Indonesian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Malay, Mongolian, Persian, Portuguese, Tagalog, Thai, Ukrainian, UrduFrom the name of the Sakha (Yakut) people, which is derived from Turkic
jaka meaning "collar, edge". This is the name of a Russian federal republic also referred to as
Yakutia.
SAKHALIN Сахалин (Island) Russian, EnglishDerived from Manchu
sahaliyan meaning "black". A misconception of the original Manchu word led to the present name. "Sahaliyan Ula" is also the Manchu name for the Amur River. Sakhalin Island is an island in the Far East of Russia, right above Japan.
SANKT-PETERBURG Санкт-Петербург (Settlement) Russian, Bashkir, Buryat, Chuvash, Indonesian, Ingush, Kalmyk, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Lak, Lezgin, Mongolian, Tajik, Tatar, Turkish, Turkmen, Udmurt, Uzbek, YakutForm of
SAINT PETERSBURG.
SAPPORO Саппоро (Settlement) Japanese, Afrikaans, Azerbaijani, Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hindi, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Tajik, Thai, Turkish, Turkmen, Ukrainian, UzbekFrom Ainu サッ・ポロ・ペッ
(sat poro pet) meaning "dry, great river", referring to the
Toyohira River. This is the name of a city in northern Japan that serves as the capital of the Hokkaido Prefecture.
SARAVAK Саравак (Political Subdivision) Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Indian, Hindi, Macedonian, Russian, Serbian, Turkish, UkrainianForm of
SARAWAK.
SATUN Сатун (Political Subdivision & Settlement) Thai, Arabic, Bulgarian, Dutch, English, French, German, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian, Lao, Malay, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Tajik, Turkish, Ukrainian, UrduDerived from Malay
sentul meaning "santol" (a type of tropical fruit). This is the name of a province and city in southern Thailand.
SEBU Себу (Political Subdivision, Settlement & Island) Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bulgarian, Japanese, Korean, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Mongolian, Serbian, Russian, Tatar, Thai, UkrainianForm of
CEBU.
SELANGOR Селангор (Political Subdivision) Malay, Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Macedonian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, TurkishMeaning uncertain. It may be derived from Malay
langau meaning "horsefly", from the name
Salang Ur meaning "Salang village" (from the name of the Salang people and Tamil ஊர்
(ūr) meaning "village, town"), or from Malay
salang possibly meaning "stabbing" combined with
jemur meaning "to burn, to dry (in the sun)"...
[more] SEMARANG Семаранг (Settlement) Indonesian, Javanese, Acehnese, Balinese, Malay, Minangkabau, Sundanese, Afrikaans, Albanian, Armenian, Bulgarian, Czech, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, TurkishFrom Indonesian
asam meaning "tamarind" and
jarang meaning "rare, seldom", a reference to the tamarind trees in the area that rarely grew close together. This is the name of a city in Indonesia that serves as the capital of Central Java province.
SHYMKENT Шымкент (Settlement) Kazakh, English, Russian, Bashkir, Belarusian, Chechen, Indonesian, Mongolian, Portuguese, Romanian, SpanishFrom Kazakh шым
(shym) meaning "sod, turf, meadow" and кент
(kent) meaning "town". This is the name of a city in Kazakhstan.
SIAM Сиам (Country) Afrikaans, Armenian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Kazakh, Khmer, Korean, Kyrgyz, Malay, Mongolian, Norwegian, Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Turkmen, Ukrainian, UzbekFrom Portuguese
Sciam, which was derived from Thai สยาม
(sayam) of debated origin. The name may have come from Pali
suvaṇṇabhūmi meaning "land of gold", Sanskrit श्याम
(shyama) meaning "dark, black, blue" or Mon ရာမည
(ramanya) meaning "stranger"...
[more] SINGAPUR Сингапур (Country, Settlement & Island) Armenian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Estonian, German, Hindi, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Mongolian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Tajik, Turkish, Turkmen, Urdu, UzbekForm of
SINGAPORE.
SOVIET UNION Советский союз (Country) Russian, EnglishThe word
Soviet is derived from Russian совет (
sovet), meaning "council, assembly, advice, harmony, concord". This was the name of a federal socialist and communist state that existed from 1922 to 1991, at which time it split into 15 countries -
RUSSIA,
UKRAINE,
BELARUS,
UZBEKISTAN,
KAZAKHSTAN,
GEORGIA (1),
AZERBAIJAN,
LITHUANIA,
MOLDOVA,
LATVIA,
KYRGYZSTAN,
TAJIKISTAN,
ARMENIA,
TURKMENISTAN and
ESTONIA.
STARAYA RUSSA Старая Русса (Settlement) RussianStaraya Russa is a town in Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the Polist River.
SUKHUMI Сухуми (Settlement) Arabic, Belarusian, Chechen, Danish, English, Italian, Malay, Norwegian, Persian, Portuguese, Russian, Tajik, UkrainianFrom Georgian სოხუმი
(soxumi), which is of uncertain origin. It may be from Georgian ციხე
(cixe) meaning "fortress" combined with the suffix ომი
(-omi) denoting a geographical location or from Svan ცხუმ
(cxum) meaning "hornbeam"...
[more] SULU Сулу (Political Subdivision, Region & Body of Water) Filipino, Cebuano, Ilocano, Pampangan, Tagalog, Arabic, Azerbaijani, Chinese, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian, Macedonian, Malay, Norwegian, Persian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, UzbekFrom
Suluk, the Malay name for the Tausug people, in turn derived from Tausug
Tau Sūg meaning "people of the current", from
tau meaning "man, person" and
sūg meaning "(sea) current, flow of water"...
[more] SUMATRA Суматра (Political Subdivision & Island) Indonesian, Acehnese, Balinese, Banjar, Javanese, Malay, Minangkabau, Sundanese, Albanian, Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Hindi, Italian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Nepali, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Thai, Turkish, UzbekFrom Sanskrit समुद्र
(samudrá) meaning "sea, ocean". This is the name of an island in
Indonesia as well as three Indonesian provinces.
SUNTAR Сунта́р (Political Subdivision) Russian"goodness, obedient"
SURABAYA Сурабая (Settlement) Indonesian, Javanese, Acehnese, Balinese, Minangkabau, Sundanese, Afrikaans, Albanian, Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bulgarian, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Malay, Norwegian, Persian, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, UzbekFrom Javanese ꦯꦸꦫꦧꦪ
(shurabaya), derived from ꦯꦸꦫ
(shura) meaning "white shark" and ꦧꦪ
(baya) meaning "crocodile". The name comes from 12th-century Javanese monarch Jayabaya, who supposedly foresaw a fight between a white shark and crocodile (which might have been a prediction of the Mongol invasion of Java in the late 13th century)...
[more] SURINAM Суринам (Country) Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dhivehi, English, Hindi, Kazakh, Korean, Kyrgyz, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Maltese, Mongolian, Nepali, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Tajik, Thai, Turkish, Turkmen, Urdu, Uyghur, UzbekEnglish variant of
SURINAME as well as the standard name for the country in several languages.
TAIBEI Тайбэй (Settlement) Chinese, Armenian, Belarusian, Georgian, Estonian, Kazakh, Korean, Kyrgyz, Mongolian, Russian, UkrainianChinese, Georgian, and Korean form of
TAIPEI as well as an Estonian variant of the name. It is also an alternate transcription of
TAYBEY used in various languages.